ArticleThe Journal of physiology2009
GABA blockade unmasks an OFF response in ON direction selective ganglion cells in the mammalian retina.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electric field stimulation directs target-specific axon regeneration and partial restoration of vision after optic nerve crush injury.PloS one · 2025Article
- Gap junctions fine-tune ganglion cell signals to equalize response kinetics within a given electrically coupled array.iScience · 2024Article
- Neural Circuits Underlying Multifeature Extraction in the Retina.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Defining morphologically and genetically distinct GABAergic/cholinergic amacrine cell subtypes in the vertebrate retina.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Origins of direction selectivity in the primate retina.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The role of GABA in islet function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- The Effect of Low-Dose Atropine on Alpha Ganglion Cell Signaling in the Mouse Retina.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Visual Experience Influences Dendritic Orientation but Is Not Required for Asymmetric Wiring of the Retinal Direction Selective Circuit.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Simulated Saccadic Stimuli Suppress ON-Type Direction-Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells via Glycinergic Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Flexible Neural Hardware Supports Dynamic Computations in Retina.Trends in neurosciences · 2018Review
- Heterocellular Coupling Between Amacrine Cells and Ganglion Cells.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2018Article
- Gap junctional coupling between retinal amacrine and ganglion cells underlies coherent activity integral to global object perception.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Stimulus-dependent recruitment of lateral inhibition underlies retinal direction selectivity.eLife · 2016Article
- The oscillation-like activity in bullfrog ON-OFF retinal ganglion cell.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2016Article
- The impact of inhibitory mechanisms in the inner retina on spatial tuning of RGCs.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Psychophysical testing in rodent models of glaucomatous optic neuropathy.Experimental eye research · 2015Review
- Inhibitory input to the direction-selective ganglion cell is saturated at low contrast.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
- GABAergic neurotransmission and retinal ganglion cell function.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
One unique subtype of retinal ganglion cell is the direction selective (DS) cell, which responds vigorously to stimulus movement in a preferred direction, but weakly to movement in the opposite or null direction. Here we show that the application of the GABA receptor blocker picrotoxin unmasks a robust excitatory OFF response in ON DS ganglion cells. Similar to the characteristic ON response of ON DS cells, the masked OFF response is also direction selective, but its preferred direction is opposite to that of the ON component. Given that the OFF response is unmasked with picrotoxin, its direction selectivity cannot be generated by a GABAergic mechanism. Alternatively, we find that the direction selectivity of the OFF response is blocked by cholinergic drugs, suggesting that acetylcholine release from presynaptic starburst amacrine cells is crucial for its generation. Finally, we find that the OFF response is abolished by application of a gap junction blocker, suggesting that it arises from electrical synapses between ON DS and polyaxonal amacrine cells. Our results suggest a novel role for gap junctions in mixing excitatory ON and OFF signals at the ganglion cell level. We propose that OFF inputs to ON DS cells are normally masked by a GABAergic inhibition, but are unmasked under certain stimulus conditions to mediate optokinetic signals in the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.