ArticleNature immunology2009
T cell factor 1 initiates the T helper type 2 fate by inducing the transcription factor GATA-3 and repressing interferon-gamma.
Article in Nature immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers.
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Who cites it
135 citing papers in PubMed, 202 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Progenitor T cells drive chronic pulmonary type 2 inflammation.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Wnt signaling as a regulator of memory T cells: implications for CAR-T cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prostaglandin IThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Bacterial vaginosis associates with dysfunctional T cells and altered soluble immune factors in the cervicovaginal tract.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Observational
- Targeting Latent HIV Reservoirs: Effectiveness of Combination Therapy with HDAC and PARP Inhibitors.Viruses · 2025Article
- Refining Diagnostic Subtypes of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Using a Multiparameter Approach.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2025Article
- CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Autoimmune CD4Immunity · 2024Article
- The Antiviral Activity of Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Proteins and Virus Evasion Strategies.Viruses · 2024Review
- Decreased progenitor TCF1 + T-cells correlate with COVID-19 disease severity.Communications biology · 2024Article
- The multifaceted roles of TCF1 in innate and adaptive lymphocytes.Advances in immunology · 2024Review
- The role of CD4Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- T cells in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Review
- Identification of a unique subset of tissue-resident memory CD4Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Identification of the novel FOXP3-dependent TFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Potential Allergenicity Response toNutrients · 2022Article
- Tnpo3 enables EBF1 function in conditions of antagonistic Notch signaling.Genes & development · 2022Article
- A preclinical model of peripheral T-cell lymphoma GATA3 reveals DNA damage response pathway vulnerability.EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Article
75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The differentiation of activated CD4(+) T cells into the T helper type 1 (T(H)1) or T(H)2 fate is regulated by cytokines and the transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3. Whereas interleukin 12 (IL-12) produced by antigen-presenting cells initiates the T(H)1 fate, signals that initiate the T(H)2 fate are not completely characterized. Here we show that early GATA-3 expression, required for T(H)2 differentiation, was induced by T cell factor 1 (TCF-1) and its cofactor beta-catenin, mainly from the proximal Gata3 promoter upstream of exon 1b. This activity was induced after T cell antigen receptor (TCR) stimulation and was independent of IL-4 receptor signaling through the transcription factor STAT6. Furthermore, TCF-1 blocked T(H)1 fate by negatively regulating interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expression independently of beta-catenin. Thus, TCF-1 initiates T(H)2 differentiation of activated CD4(+) T cells by promoting GATA-3 expression and suppressing IFN-gamma expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.