Trial reportJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2009
No major sex differences in muscle protein synthesis rates in the postabsorptive state and during hyperinsulinemia-hyperaminoacidemia in middle-aged adults.
Trial report in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00794079 (Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Muscle Protein Synthesis), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Muscle Protein Synthesis
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of insulin in the regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis and breakdown: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- The Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to the Ingestion of a Plant-Derived Protein Blend Does Not Differ from an Equivalent Amount of Milk Protein in Healthy Young Males.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- The Effect of Fava Bean (Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Preserved anabolic threshold and capacity as estimated by a novel stable tracer approach suggests no anabolic resistance or increased requirements in weight stable COPD patients.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2019Trial
- Prolonged Adaptation to a Low or High Protein Diet Does Not Modulate Basal Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates - A Substudy.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation increases the rate of muscle protein synthesis in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2011Trial
- International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: diets for body weight reduction.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Optimizing Performance and Health: Nutrition Considerations for Female Athletes in Strength and Conditioning.Strength and conditioning journal · 2025Article
- Integrated muscle protein synthesis during disuse and rehabilitation in late-midlife adults.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in skeletal muscle metabolism in exercise and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Postexercise myofibrillar protein synthesis rates do not differ following 1.5 g essential amino acids compared with 15 and 20 g of whey protein in young females.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Longitudinal changes in regional fat and muscle composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers over 5 years of hormone therapy in transgender individuals.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphisms in skeletal muscle: current concepts and research horizons.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Review
- Impact of biological sex and sex hormones on molecular signatures of skeletal muscle at rest and in response to distinct exercise training modes.Cell metabolism · 2023Article
- Complex physiology and clinical implications of time-restricted eating.Physiological reviews · 2022Review
- Lean mass sparing in resistance-trained athletes during caloric restriction: the role of resistance training volume.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Review
- State of Knowledge on Molecular Adaptations to Exercise in Humans: Historical Perspectives and Future Directions.Comprehensive Physiology · 2022Article
- Effect of increased protein intake and exogenous ketosis on body composition, energy expenditure and exercise capacity during a hypocaloric diet in recreational female athletes.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Men have more muscle than women, but most studies evaluating sex differences in muscle protein metabolism have been unable to discern sexual dimorphism in basal muscle protein turnover rates in young and middle-aged adults. We hypothesized that the anabolic response to nutritional stimuli (i.e., amino acids and insulin) would be greater in young/middle-aged men than women. We therefore measured the rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in 16 healthy individuals [8 men and 8 women, matched for age (mean +/- SE: 37.7 +/- 1.5 yr) and body mass index (25.2 +/- 0.7 kg/m2)] after an overnight fast (plasma insulin approximately 5 microU/ml and plasma phenylalanine approximately 60 microM) and during a hyperinsulinemic-hyperaminoacidemic-euglycemic clamp (plasma insulin approximately 28 microU/ml; plasma phenylalanine approximately 110 microM; plasma glucose approximately 5.4 mM). The rates of MPS were not different between men and women (ANOVA main effect for sex; P = 0.49). During the clamp, the rate of MPS increased by approximately 50% (P = 0.003) with no difference in the increases from basal values between men and women (+0.019 +/- 0.004 vs. +0.018 +/- 0.010%/h, respectively; P = 0.93). There were also no differences between men and women in the basal concentrations of muscle phosphorylated Akt(Ser473), Akt(Thr308), mTOR(Ser2448), and p70s6k(Thr389) or in the hyperinsulinemia-hyperaminoacidemia-induced increases in phosphorylation of those signaling elements (P > or = 0.25). We conclude that there are no major differences in the rate of MPS and its intracellular control during basal conditions and during hyperinsulinemia-hyperaminoacidema between young and middle-aged adult men and women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.