ArticleBMC cancer2009
Assessment of the effect of betaine on p16 and c-myc DNA methylation and mRNA expression in a chemical induced rat liver cancer model.
Article in BMC cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between malnutrition and hyperhomocysteine in Alzheimer's disease patients and diet intervention of betaine.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2017Trial
- The Double-Edged Nature of Methyl Donors in Cancer Development from Prevention to Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of betaine and its derivatives in cancer treatment: a comprehensive review.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Betaine inhibits the stem cell-like properties of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating autophagy via SAM/mTheranostics · 2025Article
- Betaine host-guest complexation with a calixarene receptor: enhancedRSC advances · 2021Article
- Role of betaine in inhibiting the induction of RNA Pol III gene transcription and cell growth caused by alcohol.Chemico-biological interactions · 2020Article
- Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Global DNA Hypomethylation andTurkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2020Article
- Betaine suppresses cell proliferation by increasing oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and inflammation in DU-145 human prostate cancer cell line.Cell stress & chaperones · 2019Article
- Article
- Transcriptional regulation of metabolism in disease: From transcription factors to epigenetics.PeerJ · 2018Article
- Glutaminolysis and carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2016Article
- The Emerging Hallmarks of Cancer Metabolism.Cell metabolism · 2016Review
- Study of the Effects of Betaine and/or C-Phycocyanin on the Growth of Lung Cancer A549 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.Journal of oncology · 2016Article
- Mammalian models of chemically induced primary malignancies exploitable for imaging-based preclinical theragnostic research.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2015Review
- Deregulation of MYC and TP53 through genetic and epigenetic alterations in gallbladder carcinomas.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Betaine protects against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2013Article
- Article
- Nutrition and epigenetics: an interplay of dietary methyl donors, one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2012Review
- Folic acid supplementary reduce the incidence of adenocarcinoma in a mouse model of colorectal cancer: microarray gene expression profile.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe development and progression of liver cancer may involve abnormal changes in DNA methylation, which lead to the activation of certain proto-oncogenes, such as c-myc, as well as the inactivation of certain tumor suppressors, such as p16. Betaine, as an active methyl-donor, maintains normal DNA methylation patterns. However, there are few investigations on the protective effect of betaine in hepatocarcinogenesis.
methodsFour groups of rats were given diethylinitrosamine (DEN) and fed with AIN-93G diets supplemented with 0, 10, 20 or 40 g betaine/kg (model, 1%, 2%, and 4% betaine, respectively), while the control group, received no DEN, fed with AIN-93G diet. Eight or 15 weeks later, the expression of p16 and c-myc mRNA was examined by Real-time PCR (Q-PCR). The DNA methylation status within the p16 and c-myc promoter was analyzed using methylation-specific PCR.
resultsCompared with the model group, numbers and areas of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-p)-positive foci were decreased in the livers of the rats treated with betaine (P < 0.05). Although the frequency of p16 promoter methylation in livers of the four DEN-fed groups appeared to increase, there is no difference among these groups after 8 or 15 weeks (P > 0.05). Betaine supplementation attenuated the down-regulation of p16 and inhibited the up-regulation of c-myc induced by DEN in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, increases in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in model, 2% and 4% betaine groups were observed (P < 0.05). Finally, enhanced antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was observed in both the 2% and 4% betaine groups.
conclusionOur data suggest that betaine attenuates DEN-induced damage in rat liver and reverses DEN-induced changes in mRNA levels.
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