ArticlePlant physiology2009
Channelrhodopsins of Volvox carteri are photochromic proteins that are specifically expressed in somatic cells under control of light, temperature, and the sex inducer.
Article in Plant physiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution of Light-Sensitive Proteins in Optogenetic Approaches for Vision Restoration: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Sensing a rainbow of colors: algal photoreceptors.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- HulaChrimson: A Chrimson-like cation channelrhodopsin discovered using freshwater metatranscriptomics from Lake Hula.Biophysics and physicobiology · 2025Article
- Cell Type-Specific Promoters ofGenes · 2023Article
- Gating and ion selectivity of Channelrhodopsins are critical for photo-activated orientation of Chlamydomonas as shown by in vivo point mutation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Preference of Proteomonas sulcata anion channelrhodopsin for NOScientific reports · 2021Article
- Diel transcriptional oscillations of light-sensitive regulatory elements in open-ocean eukaryotic plankton communities.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- The four-celled Volvocales green alga Tetrabaena socialis exhibits weak photobehavior and high-photoprotection ability.PloS one · 2021Article
- Viral rhodopsins 1 are an unique family of light-gated cation channels.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Two-component cyclase opsins of green algae are ATP-dependent and light-inhibited guanylyl cyclases.BMC biology · 2018Article
- Whole transcriptome RNA-Seq analysis reveals extensive cell type-specific compartmentalization in Volvox carteri.BMC biology · 2017Article
- Structure-guided SCHEMA recombination generates diverse chimeric channelrhodopsins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Identification of a Natural Green Light Absorbing Chloride Conducting Channelrhodopsin from Proteomonas sulcata.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Transcriptional analysis of Volvox photoreceptors suggests the existence of different cell-type specific light-signaling pathways.Current genetics · 2015Article
- Cell-type specific photoreceptors and light signaling pathways in the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri and their potential role in cellular differentiation.Plant signaling & behavior · 2015Article
- Cell-type specific light-mediated transcript regulation in the multicellular alga Volvox carteri.BMC genomics · 2014Article
- Photons and neurons.Hearing research · 2014Review
- Review
- Validation of reference genes for quantitative gene expression studies in Volvox carteri using real-time RT-PCR.Molecular biology reports · 2013Article
- Characterization of a highly efficient blue-shifted channelrhodopsin from the marine alga Platymonas subcordiformis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Channelrhodopsins are light-gated ion channels involved in the photoresponses of microalgae. Here, we describe the characterization of two channelrhodopsins, Volvox channelrhodopsin-1 (VChR1) and VChR2, from the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri. Both are encoded by nuclear single copy genes and are highly expressed in the small biflagellated somatic cells but not in the asexual reproductive cells (gonidia). Expression of both VChRs increases after cell cleavage and peaks after completion of embryogenesis, when the biosynthesis of the extracellular matrix begins. Likewise, expression of both transcripts increases after addition of the sex-inducer protein, but VChR2 is induced much more than VChR1. The expression of VChR1 is specifically promoted by extended dark periods, and heat stress reduces predominantly VChR1 expression. Expression of both VChRs increased under low light conditions, whereas cold stress and wounding reduced expression. Both VChRs were spectroscopically studied in their purified recombinant forms. VChR2 is similar to the ChR2 counterpart from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with respect to its absorption maximum (460 nm) and photocycle dynamics. In contrast, VChR1 absorbs maximally at 540 nm at low pH (D540), shifting to 500 nm at high pH (D500). Flash photolysis experiments showed that after light excitation, the D540 dark state bleaches and at least two photoproducts, P600 and P500, are sequentially populated during the photocycle. We hypothesize that VChR2 is a general photoreceptor that is responsible for the avoidance of blue light and might play a key role in sexual development, whereas VChR1 is the main phototaxis photoreceptor under vegetative conditions, as it is more specifically adapted to environmental conditions and the developmental stages of Volvox.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.