Trial reportBiological psychiatry2009
Inflammatory markers in schizophrenia: comparing antipsychotic effects in phase 1 of the clinical antipsychotic trials of intervention effectiveness study.
Trial report in Biological psychiatry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01082588 (Phase 4 Study of the Effects of Pravastatin on Cholesterol Levels, Inflammation and Cognition in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 4 Study of the Effects of Pravastatin on Cholesterol Levels, Inflammation and Cognition in Schizophrenia
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of antipsychotic treatment on hormonal, inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers in healthy volunteers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pharmacotherapy · 2022Pooled it
- C-reactive protein is increased in schizophrenia but is not altered by antipsychotics: meta-analysis and implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Perphenazine for schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Quetiapine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Antipsychotic drug treatment for elderly people with late-onset schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Ziprasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009Pooled it
- Trial
- High-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a mediator between sleep quality and mental health in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Observational
- Transcriptional Regulators in the Cerebellum in Chronic Schizophrenia: Novel Possible Targets for Pharmacological Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Discordance Between Triglycerides, Remnant Cholesterol and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Schizophrenia.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Chronic Treatment withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Changes in Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Schizophrenia: A 3-Year Retrospective Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Article
- Relationship Between Plasma Olanzapine and N-Desmethyl-Olanzapine Concentration and Metabolic Parameters in Patients With Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Anti-TNF-α Compounds as a Treatment for Depression.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19: Interactions with psychiatric illness and pharmacological treatment.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021Review
- Schizophrenia Plays a Negative Role in the Pathological Development of Myocardial Infarction at Multiple Biological Levels.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- The Predictive Value of Endothelial Inflammatory Markers in the Onset of Schizophrenia.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2020Article
- Changes in inflammation with treatment for bipolar II depression: Pilot trial data on differential effects of psychotherapy and medication.Neurology, psychiatry, and brain research · 2019Article
- Relationships between low-grade peripheral inflammation and psychotropic drugs in schizophrenia: results from the national FACE-SZ cohort.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundC-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin are systemic inflammatory markers (IM) that positively correlate with cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite the known CV effects of atypical antipsychotics, there is limited prospective data on IM changes during treatment.
methodsThe IM outcomes were compared between antipsychotic treatment groups in the CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness) schizophrenia trial phase 1 with subjects with laboratory assessments at baseline and 3 months (n = 789).
resultsThere were significant treatment differences in CRP, E-selectin, and ICAM-1 at 3 months, with a differential impact of baseline values on the CRP and ICAM-1 results. In overall comparisons, quetiapine and olanzapine had the highest median levels for CRP, and olanzapine for E-selectin and ICAM-1. Olanzapine was significantly different after baseline adjustment than perphenazine (p = .001) for E-selectin, and in those with low baseline CRP (<1 mg/L), olanzapine was significantly different than perphenazine (p < .001), risperidone (p < .001), and ziprasidone (p = .002) for CRP. Perphenazine had the lowest 3-month ICAM-1 levels in subjects with baseline ICAM-1 above the median, but the differences were not statistically significant versus olanzapine (p = .010), quetiapine (p = .010), and risperidone (p = .006) after controlling for multiple comparisons. The 18-month repeated measures CRP analysis confirmed the significantly higher values for olanzapine in those with low baseline CRP.
conclusionsThis analysis provides further evidence for differential antipsychotic metabolic liabilities as measured by changes in systemic inflammation. C-reactive protein might emerge as a useful target for CV risk outcomes in schizophrenia patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.