ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2009
Microanatomy of the liver immune system.
Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatic transcriptomics reveals immuno-metabolic interactions in juvenile channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after Aeromonas hydrophila infection.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Toward a Genomics-Driven Hepatology: Liver Biology, Precision Diagnosis, and the Rise in Genetic Therapies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics showed that maternal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure dysregulated cell type-specific metabolic responses in the livers of female mouse offsprings.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2026Article
- Myeloid cells in chronic liver inflammation.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Genomic medicine in hepatology: mechanisms and liver treatment strategies.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Arginine-Mediated Liver Immune Regulation and Antioxidant Defense in Largemouth Bass (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Bone-Liver Axis: Impact of Acute Ethanol Intoxication on Post-Traumatic Liver Inflammation and Damage Following Femur Fracture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role of liver-resident NK cells in liver immunity.Hepatology international · 2025Review
- Effects of increasing n3:n6 ratio by replacing extruded soybeans with extruded flaxseed on dry matter intake, rumen fluid bacteria, and liver lipid metabolism in transition cows.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- From Molecular Biology to Novel Immunotherapies and Nanomedicine in Uveal Melanoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles elicit anti-tumor immunity in a mouse melanoma model.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- The role of natural killer T cells in liver transplantation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Effects of dietaryFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- The immunological function of CXCR2 in the liver during sepsis.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2022Review
- A comprehensive review about the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated review.Cancer cell international · 2022Review
- Human Hepatic CD56Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- DietaryFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Hyperuricemia contributes to glucose intolerance of hepatic inflammatory macrophages and impairs the insulin signaling pathwayFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The Impact of Varying Food Availability on Gene Expression in the Liver: Testing the Match-Mismatch Hypothesis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The critical metabolic functions of the liver often eclipse any perception of its role as an immune organ. However, the liver as a mediator of systemic and local innate immunity and an important site of immune regulation is now an accepted concept. Complex repertoires of lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells are key to hepatic defense and immunoregulation. Hepatic cells of myeloid lineage include Kupffer cells and dendritic cells. Intrahepatic lymphocytes are distinct both in phenotype and function from their counterparts in any other organ and include both conventional (CD4+ and CD8+ alphabeta T cell receptor (TCR)+ T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells) and nonconventional lymphoid cells (natural killer T (NKT) cells, gamma delta TCR+ T cells, CD4- CD8- T cells). Many hepatic T cells express the TCR at an intermediate level and the great majority of them either coexpress NK cell markers (NKT cells) or they are apoptosing peripheral T cells. The percentage of activated (CD69+) and memory (CD45RB low+) lymphocytes is much higher while naive (CD62L high) and resting T cells as well as B lymphocytes are underrepresented in the liver. The discovery of major populations of lymphoid cells in the liver that differ phenotypically, functionally and even perhaps developmentally from populations in other regions has been key to the evolving perception of the liver as a regulatory lymphoid organ. This chapter will focus on these populations and how they contribute to immune surveillance against malignant, infectious and autoimmune disease of the liver.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.