ReviewHandbook of experimental pharmacology2009
Introduction to adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets.
Review in Handbook of experimental pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles promote dental pulp repair by alleviating inflammation in pulpitis via AKT and p38 MAPK pathways.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2026Article
- Guideline on Stress Echocardiography - 2026.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2026Article
- Ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 reduces COX-2 expression in activated macrophages.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Selected Medicines That Can Cause Cardiac Arrest with Asystole.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Adenosine receptor subtype modulators: Insight into molecular mechanisms and their therapeutic application.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- Interleukin-27-polarized HIV-resistant M2 macrophages are a novel subtype of macrophages that express distinct antiviral gene profiles in individual cells: implication for the antiviral effect via different mechanisms in the individual cell-dependent manner.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- 2-Aryladenine Derivatives as a Potent Scaffold for Adenosine Receptor Antagonists: The 6-Morpholino Derivatives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Adenosine A1 Receptors Participate in Excitability Changes after Cortical Epileptic Afterdischarges in Immature Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes enhance dental pulp cell functions and promote pulp-dentin regeneration.Biomaterials and biosystems · 2023Article
- Organophosphate Insecticide Toxicity in Neural Development, Cognition, Behaviour and Degeneration: Insights from Zebrafish.Journal of developmental biology · 2022Review
- Quantitation of the APharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Vasodilators and myocardial blood flow by CZT cameras: Make us see further.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2022Article
- Adenosine Kinase on Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation: Adenosine Receptor-Independent Pathway inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- A novel high-throughput screen for identifying lipids that stabilise membrane proteins in detergent based solution.PloS one · 2021Article
- Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Alternative splicing of P2RX7 pre-messenger RNA in health and diseases: Myth or reality?Biomedical journal · 2019Review
- CD73 (Cluster of Differentiation 73) and the Differences Between Mice and Humans.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2019Review
- Ectonucleotidases in Intestinal and Hepatic Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Could the presence of sodium ion influence the accuracy and precision of the ligand-posing in the human AJournal of computer-aided molecular design · 2018Article
- CD39-adenosinergic axis in renal pathophysiology and therapeutics.Purinergic signalling · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Adenosine acts as a cytoprotective modulator in response to stress to an organ or tissue. Although short-lived in the circulation, it can activate four subtypes of G protein-coupled adenosine receptors (ARs): A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). The alkylxanthines caffeine and theophylline are the prototypical antagonists of ARs, and their stimulant actions occur primarily through this mechanism. For each of the four AR subtypes, selective agonists and antagonists have been introduced and used to develop new therapeutic drug concepts. ARs are notable among the GPCR family in the number and variety of agonist therapeutic candidates that have been proposed. The selective and potent synthetic AR agonists, which are typically much longer lasting in the body than adenosine, have potential therapeutic applications based on their anti-inflammatory (A(2A) and A(3)), cardioprotective (preconditioning by A(1) and A(3) and postconditioning by A(2B)), cerebroprotective (A(1) and A(3)), and antinociceptive (A(1)) properties. Potent and selective AR antagonists display therapeutic potential as kidney protective (A(1)), antifibrotic (A(2A)), neuroprotective (A(2A)), and antiglaucoma (A(3)) agents. AR agonists for cardiac imaging and positron-emitting AR antagonists are in development for diagnostic applications. Allosteric modulators of A(1) and A(3) ARs have been described. In addition to the use of selective agonists/antagonists as pharmacological tools, mouse strains in which an AR has been genetically deleted have aided in developing novel drug concepts based on the modulation of ARs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.