ArticleAmerican journal of public health2009
Disparities in access to over-the-counter nicotine replacement products in New York City pharmacies.
Article in American journal of public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Neighborhood Disparities in Point-of-Sale Tobacco Marketing.American journal of public health · 2015Pooled it
- A systematic review of store audit methods for assessing tobacco marketing and products at the point of sale.Tobacco control · 2014Pooled it
- Decision-Making on Nicotine Replacement Therapy Use and Product Selection: An Explorative Qualitative Study Among Chinese Americans Who Smoke.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Real-World Effectiveness of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Sampling in Chinese Women of a Sex-Specific Smoking Cessation Program in Hong Kong, China.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- The differential impact of nicotine replacement therapy sampling on cessation outcomes across established tobacco disparities groups.Preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Contraceptive Desert? Black-White Differences in Characteristics of Nearby Pharmacies.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Article
- Observational
- A National Assessment of Medication Adherence to Statins by the Racial Composition of Neighborhoods.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2017Article
- Smoking cessation interventions for patients with coronary heart disease and comorbidities: an observational cross-sectional study in primary care.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2017Observational
- Standardized Tobacco Assessment for Retail Settings (STARS): dissemination and implementation research.Tobacco control · 2016Article
- The impact of the tobacco retail outlet environment on adult cessation and differences by neighborhood poverty.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Observational
- Consumer perceptions of the sale of tobacco products in pharmacies and grocery stores among U.S. adults.BMC research notes · 2013Article
- The role of academic pharmacy in tobacco cessation and control.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2013Article
- Disparities in multiple chronic conditions within populations.Journal of comorbidity · 2013Article
- Community pharmacists' involvement in smoking cessation: familiarity and implementation of the National smoking cessation guideline in Finland.BMC public health · 2010Article
- Misperceptions of nicotine replacement therapy within racially and ethnically diverse smokers.Journal of the National Medical AssociationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe surveyed the availability of tobacco products and nonprescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in pharmacies in New York City, stratified by the race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the surrounding neighborhoods to determine whether disparities in availability existed.
methodsSurveyors visited a random sample of retail pharmacies to record the availability of tobacco products and nonprescription NRT. We used census data and geographic information systems analysis to determine the SES of each neighborhood. We used logistic modeling to explore relations between SES and the availability of NRT and tobacco products.
resultsOf 646 pharmacies sampled, 90.8% sold NRT and 46.9% sold cigarettes. NRT and cigarettes were slightly more available in pharmacies in neighborhoods with a higher SES. NRT was more expensive in poorer neighborhoods.
conclusionsSmall disparities existed in access to nonprescription NRT and cigarettes. The model did not adequately account for cigarette access, because of availability from other retail outlets. These results may explain some of the excess prevalence of cigarette use in low-SES areas.
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