Trial reportNeurotoxicity research2009
Potentiation of local anesthetic activity of neosaxitoxin with bupivacaine or epinephrine: development of a long-acting pain blocker.
Trial report in Neurotoxicity research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03025594 (Gonyautoxins Local Periarticular Injection for Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gonyautoxins Local Periarticular Injection for Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double Blind Randomized Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Trends and New Challenges in Marine Phycotoxins.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Novel Local Anesthetics in Clinical Practice: Pharmacologic Considerations and Potential Roles for the Future.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2022Review
- Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: A Prominent Target of Marine Toxins.Marine drugs · 2021Review
- Neosaxitoxin Inhibits the Expression of Inflammation Markers of the M1 Phenotype in Macrophages.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- Polymer-tetrodotoxin conjugates to induce prolonged duration local anesthesia with minimal toxicity.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Natural Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Ligands: Biosynthesis and Biology.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2019Review
- Chemistry of a Unique Polyketide-like Synthase.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2018Article
- Guanidinium Toxins and Their Interactions with Voltage-Gated Sodium Ion Channels.Marine drugs · 2017Review
- Tetrodotoxin, Epinephrine, and Chemical Permeation Enhancer Combinations in Peripheral Nerve Blockade.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2017Article
- Ultrasound-triggered local anaesthesia.Nature biomedical engineering · 2017Article
- First evidence of neosaxitoxin as a long-acting pain blocker in bladder pain syndrome.International urogynecology journal · 2015Article
- Chronic toxicity study of neosaxitoxin in rats.Marine drugs · 2014Article
- Recent progress in neuroactive marine natural products.Natural product reports · 2014Review
- Marked difference in saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin affinity for the human nociceptive voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.7) [corrected].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Drug delivery systems for prolonged duration local anesthesia.Materials today (Kidlington, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Local anesthetics effectively block and relieve pain, but with a relatively short duration of action, limiting its analgesic effectiveness. Therefore, a long-acting local anesthetic would improve the management of pain, but no such agent is yet available for clinical use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potentiation of the anesthetic effect of neosaxitoxin, with bupivacaine or epinephrine in a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Ten healthy males were subcutaneously injected into the left and right forearms with a randomized pair of the following treatments: (i) bupivacaine (5 mg); (ii) neosaxitoxin (10 microg); (iii) neosaxitoxin (10 microg) plus bupivacaine (5 mg), and (iv) neosaxitoxin (10 microg) plus epinephrine (1:100.000), but all participant received all four formulations (in 2 ml; s.c.), with 1 month elapsing between the two round of experiments. A validated sensory and pain paradigm was used for evaluating the effect of the treatment 0-72 h after the injections, measuring sensory, pain, and mechanical touch perception threshold. The duration of the effect produced by combined treatments was longer than that by the single drugs. In conclusion, bupivacaine and epinephrine potentiate the local anesthetic effect of neosaxitoxin in humans when co-injected subcutaneously. The present results support the idea that neosaxitoxin is a new long-acting local pain blocker, with highly potential clinical use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.