ArticleMicrobial ecology2009
Application of molecular techniques to the elucidation of the microbial community structure of antique paintings.
Article in Microbial ecology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Potential Innovative Tools for Heritage Conservation: A Novel RNA-FISH Probe and Antimicrobial Peptides for the Detection and Control ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Biodeterioration of canvas paintings: microbial role and development of sustainable treatments for biocontrol.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Multi-Functional Repair and Long-Term Preservation of Paper Relics by Nano-MgO with Aminosilaned Bacterial Cellulose.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Fungal biodeterioration and preservation of cultural heritage, artwork, and historical artifacts: extremophily and adaptation.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Current Insights in Fungal Importance-A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Xerophilic fungi contaminating historically valuable easel paintings from Slovenia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Diversity and Metabolic Activity of Fungi Causing Biodeterioration of Canvas Paintings.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Melding the Old with the New: Trends in Methods Used to Identify, Monitor, and Control Microorganisms on Cultural Heritage Materials.Microbial ecology · 2018Review
- The microbial community characteristics of ancient painted sculptures in Maijishan Grottoes, China.PloS one · 2017Article
- The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Microbial deterioration of cultural heritage and works of art--tilting at windmills?Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2013Review
- Microbial communities adhering to the obverse and reverse sides of an oil painting on canvas: identification and evaluation of their biodegradative potential.Aerobiologia · 2013Article
- Bacterial-fungal interactions: hyphens between agricultural, clinical, environmental, and food microbiologists.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This paper uses molecular techniques to describe the microstructure and microbiological communities of sixteenth century artwork and their relationships. The microbiological populations, analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), were highly influenced by the chemical composition of the pictorial layers detected by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. DGGE revealed that the diversity of microbial communities was lower in pictorial layers composed of pigments with metals, such as Pb, Cu and Hg, than in those found in pictorial layers without such compounds. The number of cultivable microorganisms, mainly fungi and bacteria, was very low in comparison to those found by DGGE, revealing the presence of both cultivable and as-yet-uncultivated (or not viable) species in the samples analysed. Both fungi and bacteria were present in a non-random spatial distribution. Environmental scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent in situ hybridisation analyses revealed that bacterial populations were usually found in close contact with the surface of the pictorial layers, and fungal populations were located on the bacterial biofilm. This work shows, for the first time, the correlation between the diversity of the microbial populations and the chemical composition of the pictorial layers of an artwork.
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