ReviewInternational journal of cancer2009
How to evaluate emerging technologies in cervical cancer screening?
Review in International journal of cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Liquid-Based Cytology in Cervical Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Acta cytologica · 2026Pooled it
- Performance of DNA methylation assays for detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+): a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2019Pooled it
- Cytology versus HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in the general population.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus testing versus repeat cytology for triage of minor cytological cervical lesions.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- p16INK4a immunocytochemistry versus human papillomavirus testing for triage of women with minor cytologic abnormalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer cytopathology · 2012Pooled it
- Performance of self-collected cervical samples in screening for future precancer using human papillomavirus DNA testing.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2015Trial
- Clinical impact of the analytical specificity of the hybrid capture 2 test: data from the New Technologies for Cervical Cancer (NTCC) study.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Trial
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa serology and risk for re-isolation in the EPIC trial.Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society · 2013Trial
- Predictive Biomarkers for Asymptomatic Adults: Opportunities, Risks, and Guidance for General Practice.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- High-risk human papillomavirus testing in first-void urine as a novel and non-invasive cervical cancer screening modality-a Danish diagnostic test accuracy study.BMC medicine · 2025Observational
- The Association Between RACK1 Gene Polymorphisms rs1279736 and rs3756585 in Uterine Cervical Cancer with the Risk Factor of HPV: A Focus on Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC).Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Conventional Cell Blocks Along with p16INK4 and Ki67 Biomarkers as Triage Tests in Resource-poor Organized Cervical Cancer Screening ProgramsAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2019Article
- Characterization of JAK2 V617F (1849 G > T) Mutation in Cervical Cancer Related to Human Papillomavirus and Sexually Transmitted Infections.Journal of cancer prevention · 2018Article
- Host chemokine signature as a biomarker for the detection of pre-cancerous cervical lesions.Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Biospecimens and Biobanking in Global Health.Clinics in laboratory medicine · 2018Review
- The effect of p16/Ki-67 and p16/mcm2 on the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective study from China.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2018Article
- Analytic and Diagnostic Performances of Human Papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA Test on up-to 11-Year-Old Liquid-Based Cervical Samples. A Biobank-Based Longitudinal Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- The Value of a Novel Panel of Cervical Cancer Biomarkers for Triage of HPV Positive Patients and for Detecting Disease Progression.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2017Article
- Molecular tests potentially improving HPV screening and genotyping for cervical cancer prevention.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Excellent recommendations exist for studying therapeutic and diagnostic questions. We observe that good guidelines on assessment of evidence for screening questions are currently lacking. Guidelines for diagnostic research (STARD), involving systematic application of the reference test (gold standard) to all subjects of large study populations, are not pertinent in situations of screening for disease that is currently not yet present. A five-step framework is proposed for assessing the potential use of a biomarker as a screening tool for cervical cancer: i) correlation studies establishing a trend between the rate of biomarker expression and severity of neoplasia; ii) diagnostic studies in a clinical setting where all women are submitted to verification by the reference standard; iii) biobank-based studies with assessment in archived cytology samples of the biomarker in cervical cancer cases and controls; iv) prospective cohort studies with baseline assessment of the biomarker and monitoring of disease; v) randomised intervention trials aiming to observe reduced incidence of cancer (or its surrogate, severe dysplasia) in the experimental arm at subsequent screening rounds. The 5-phases framework should guide researchers and test developers in planning assessment of new biomarkers and protect clinicians and stakeholders against premature claims for insufficiently evaluated products.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.