ArticleInternational journal of cancer2010
Synergistic actions of atorvastatin with gamma-tocotrienol and celecoxib against human colon cancer HT29 and HCT116 cells.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the Anticancer Mechanisms Modulated by Gamma and Delta Tocotrienols in Colorectal Cancers.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Identification of lipid metabolism-related marker genes in colorectal cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2025Article
- Lipid-lowering drugs and cancer: an updated perspective.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- Transcriptomic Analysis of the Anticancer Effects of Annatto Tocotrienol, Delta-Tocotrienol and Gamma-Tocotrienol on Chondrosarcoma Cells.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Alkaloids and Colon Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Cell Cycle Arrest.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cruciferous Vegetables and Their Bioactive Metabolites: from Prevention to Novel Therapies of Colorectal Cancer.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Review
- Clinically Relevant Genes and Proteins Modulated by Tocotrienols in Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines: Systematic Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Farnesyl dimethyl chromanol targets colon cancer stem cells and prevents colorectal cancer metastasis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Annatto-Derived Tocotrienol Promotes Mineralization of MC3T3-E1 Cells by Enhancing BMP-2 Protein Expression via Inhibiting RhoA Activation and HMG-CoA Reductase Gene Expression.Drug design, development and therapy · 2020Article
- Natural agents inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and alter microbial diversity in mice.PloS one · 2020Article
- The Role of Tocotrienol in Preventing Male Osteoporosis-A Review of Current Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Tocotrienols Modulate a Life or Death Decision in Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Combination therapy with atorvastatin and celecoxib delays tumor formation in a Fanconi anemia mouse model.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2019Article
- Synergistic inhibition of colon cancer cell growth by a combination of atorvastatin and phloretin.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- The Potential of Isoprenoids in Adjuvant Cancer Therapy to Reduce Adverse Effects of Statins.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Review
- Natural Forms of Vitamin E as Effective Agents for Cancer Prevention and Therapy.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Review
- γ-Tocotrienol Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis Via the Mitochondrial Pathway in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Synergistic chemopreventive effects of nobiletin and atorvastatin on colon carcinogenesis.Carcinogenesis · 2017Article
- Antitumorigenic effect of atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge on human colorectal cancer cells via regulation of Sp1 transcription factor.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Synergistic inhibitory effects of Celecoxib and Plumbagin on melanoma tumor growth.Cancer letters · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The synergistic actions of atorvastatin (ATST) with gamma-tocotrienol (gamma-TT) and celecoxib (CXIB) were studied in human colon cancer cell lines HT29 and HCT116. The synergistic inhibition of cell growth by ATST and gamma-TT was demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and isobologram analysis. delta-TT exhibited a similar inhibitory action when combined with ATST. Mevalonate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate eliminated most of the growth inhibitory effect of ATST, but only marginally decreased that of gamma-TT; whereas farnesyl pyrophosphate and squalene exhibited little effect on the inhibitory action of ATST and gamma-TT, indicating protein geranylgeranylation, but not farnesylation are involved in the inhibition of colon cancer cell growth. Both mevalonate and squalene restored the cellular cholesterol level that was reduced by ATST treatment, but only mevalonate eliminated the cell growth inhibitory effect, suggesting that the cholesterol level in cells does not play an essential role in inhibiting cancer cell growth. Protein level of HMG-CoA reductase increased after ATST treatment, and the presence of gamma-TT attenuated the elevated level of HMG-CoA reductase. ATST also decreased membrane-bound RhoA, possibly due to a reduced level of protein geranylgeranylation; addition of gamma-TT enhanced this effect. The mediation of HMG-CoA reductase and RhoA provides a possible mechanism for the synergistic action of ATST and gamma-TT. The triple combination of ATST, gamma-TT and CXIB showed a synergistic inhibition of cancer cell growth in MTT assays. The synergistic action of these three compounds was also illustrated by their induction of G(0)/G(1) phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.