ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2009
T cell epitope: friend or foe? Immunogenicity of biologics in context.
Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Structural and immunogenic evaluation of silk proteins from Bombyx mori using advanced bioinformatics and deep learning for biomaterials applications.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Driven Discovery and Optimization of Antimicrobial Peptides Targeting ESKAPE Pathogens and Multidrug-Resistant Fungi.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- T-SCAPE: T cell immunogenicity scoring via cross-domain aided predictive engine.Science advances · 2025Article
- Regulation of immune responses to therapeutic factor VIII by transplacental delivery of Fc-fused immunodominant factor VIII domains or peptides.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Article
- Optimising Monoclonal Antibody Drug Development for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Clinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity risk assessment of peptide-related impurities identified in generic teriparatide products.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Coupling antigens from multiple subtypes of influenza can broaden antibody and T cell responses.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- mRNA-based Vaccines Targeting the T-cell Epitope-rich Domain of Epstein Barr Virus Latent Proteins Elicit Robust Anti-Tumor Immunity in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Immunoinformatic Risk Assessment of Host Cell Proteins During Process Development for Biologic Therapeutics.The AAPS journal · 2023Review
- Modeling of MT. P495, an mRNA-based vaccine against the phosphate-binding protein PstS1 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Molecular diversity · 2023Article
- Does human homology reduce the potential immunogenicity of non-antibody scaffolds?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Novel H7N9 influenza immunogen design enhances mobilization of seasonal influenza T cell memory in H3N2 pre-immune mice.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Immunoinformatics Studies and Design of a Potential Multi-Epitope Peptide Vaccine to Combat the Fatal Visceral Leishmaniasis.Vaccines · 2022Article
- SILVI, an open-source pipeline for T-cell epitope selection.PloS one · 2022Article
- Identification of novel hepatitis B virus therapeutic vaccine candidates derived from polymerase protein.Aging · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Like vaccines, biologic proteins can be very immunogenic for reasons including route of administration, dose frequency and the underlying antigenicity of the therapeutic protein. Because the impact of immunogenicity can be quite severe, regulatory agencies are developing risk-based guidelines for immunogenicity screening. T cell epitopes are at the root of the immunogenicity issue. Through their presentation to T cells, they activate the process of anti-drug antibody development. Preclinical screening for T cell epitopes can be performed in silico, followed by in vitro and in vivo validation. Importantly, screening for immunogenicity is complicated by the discovery of regulatory T cell epitopes, which suggests that immunogenicity testing must now take regulatory T cells into consideration. In this review, we address the application of computational tools for preclinical immunogenicity assessment, the implication of the discovery of regulatory T cell epitopes, and experimental validation of those assessments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.