ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2009
The pharmacology of sigma-1 receptors.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 292 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
292 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 632 citations in OpenAlex.
- A neuroprotective target in the shadows: a scoping review of pharmacological gaps in σ1R agonists for glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Enhanced Bulbar Function in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The Nuedexta Treatment Trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2017Trial
- General Assessment of Indole Derivatives and Wnt Pathway as Potential Key Factors Against Various Diseases, with Particular Emphasis on Thyroid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The landscape of cocaine cytotoxicity and the role of sigma-1 receptor modulation and adulterant synergism.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Effects of fenfluramine and sigma-1-dependent pharmacological and genetic modulation in a mouse kindling model.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Pridopidine Mediated Sigma-1 Receptor Activation and Therapeutic Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein misfolding in schizophrenia: the emerging promise of sigma-1 receptor agonists.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Pridopidine Protects ALS Patient-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells via Sigma-1 Receptor Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The SigmaPharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Targeting Sigma-1 and Sigma-2 Receptors in Neuropathic Pain: Pharmacology, Ligand Development, and Translational Progress.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Ischemia-Induced Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Opportunities for Psychoplastogen-Based Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- UHPLC-MS-Based Analysis of Fluvoxamine in Rabbit Aqueous Humour and Serum: Method Development and Validation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacovigilance of SSRIs in Children and Adolescents with Depression: Disproportionality Analysis of Serotonin Adverse Events Using the FAERS Database.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of the dextromethorphan-bupropion combination and its mediating pathways in a mouse model of major depressive disorder.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- The evolution of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine: from metabolic pathways to brain connectivity.Psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Synthesis and Structure-Affinity Relationships of Receptor Ligands with 1,3-Dioxane Structure.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Choline-An Essential Nutrient with Health Benefits and a Signaling Molecule.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Sigma‑2 Receptor/Transmembrane Protein 97 in Pain Modulation: Tracing Historical Roots and Current Research Directions.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
232 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Originally considered an enigmatic protein, the sigma-1 receptor has recently been identified as a unique ligand-regulated molecular chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells. This discovery causes us to look back at the many proposed roles of this receptor, even before its molecular function was identified, in many diseases such as methamphetamine or cocaine addiction, amnesia, pain, depression, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, retinal neuroprotection, HIV infection, and cancer. In this review, we examine the reports that have clearly shown an agonist-antagonist relationship regarding sigma-1 receptors in models of those diseases and also review the relatively known mechanisms of action of sigma-1 receptors in an attempt to spur the speculation of readers on how the sigma-1 receptor at the endoplasmic reticulum might relate to so many diseases. We found that the most prominent action of sigma-1 receptors in biological systems including cell lines, primary cultures, and animals is the regulation and modulation of voltage-regulated and ligand-gated ion channels, including Ca(2+)-, K(+)-, Na(+), Cl(-), and SK channels, and NMDA and IP3 receptors. We found that the final output of the action of sigma-1 receptor agonists is to inhibit all above-mentioned voltage-gated ion channels, while they potentiate ligand-gated channels. The inhibition or potentiation induced by agonists is blocked by sigma-1 receptor antagonists. Other mechanisms of action of sigma-1 receptors, and to some extent those of sigma-2 receptors, were also considered. We conclude that the sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors represent potential fruitful targets for therapeutic developments in combating many human diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.