ArticleNeurotoxicology and teratology
Prenatal choline supplementation mitigates the adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on development in rats.
Article in Neurotoxicology and teratology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cognitive and behavioral development: Findings from a hierarchical meta-analysis of data from six prospective longitudinal U.S. cohorts.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Pooled it
- Prenatal Amino Acid Supplementation to Improve Fetal Growth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- The impact of micronutrient supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnancies on reaction time responses of preschoolers in Ukraine.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2022Trial
- Maternal choline supplementation mitigates alcohol exposure effects on neonatal brain volumes.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Trial
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Maternal Choline Supplementation in Heavy Drinking Pregnant Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Trial
- Efficacy of Maternal Choline Supplementation During Pregnancy in Mitigating Adverse Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Growth and Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Trial
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of choline supplementation in school-aged children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Trial
- Dose and Timing of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Maternal Nutritional Supplements: Developmental Effects on 6-Month-Old Infants.Maternal and child health journal · 2015Trial
- Fetal alcohol-related growth restriction from birth through young adulthood and moderating effects of maternal prepregnancy weight.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2013Trial
- Choline, a nexus for neurocognitive nutrients: A narrative review.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- The NKCC1 Antagonist Bumetanide, Administered After Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Mitigates Ethanol-Induced Aberrance in Tangential Migration of GABAergic Interneurons in Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Choline supplementation partially reverses prefrontal neurochemical deficits induced by perinatal opioid exposure.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Alcohol exposure during pregnancy and its impact on fetal neurodevelopment: a bibliometric and scientific mapping analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
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- Postnatal choline supplementation improves sleep in a rat model of developmental alcohol exposure.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Alcohol Exposure May Increase Prenatal Choline Needs Through Redirection of Choline into Lipid Synthesis Rather than Methyl Donation.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Maternal choline supplementation in neurodevelopmental disorders: mechanistic insights from animal models and future directions.Nutritional neuroscience · 2025Review
- Early moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and maternal diet impact offspring DNA methylation across species.eLife · 2024Article
- Developmental ethanol exposure produces deficits in long-term potentiation in vivo that persist following postnatal choline supplementation.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a range of physical, neurological, and behavioral alterations referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Variability in outcome observed among children with FASD is likely related to various pre- and postnatal factors, including nutritional variables. Choline is an essential nutrient that influences brain and behavioral development. Recent animal research indicates that prenatal choline supplementation leads to long-lasting cognitive enhancement, as well as changes in brain morphology, electrophysiology and neurochemistry. The present study examined whether choline supplementation during ethanol exposure effectively reduces fetal alcohol effects. Pregnant dams were exposed to 6.0g/kg/day ethanol via intubation from gestational days (GD) 5-20; pair-fed and lab chow controls were included. During treatment, subjects from each group received choline chloride (250mg/kg/day) or vehicle. Physical development and behavioral development (righting reflex, geotactic reflex, cliff avoidance, reflex suspension and hindlimb coordination) were examined. Subjects prenatally exposed to alcohol exhibited reduced birth weight and brain weight, delays in eye opening and incisor emergence, and alterations in the development of all behaviors. Choline supplementation significantly attenuated ethanol's effects on birth and brain weight, incisor emergence, and most behavioral measures. In fact, behavioral performance of ethanol-exposed subjects treated with choline did not differ from that of controls. Importantly, choline supplementation did not influence peak blood alcohol level or metabolism, indicating that choline's effects were not due to differential alcohol exposure. These data indicate early dietary supplements may reduce the severity of some fetal alcohol effects, findings with important implications for children of women who drink alcohol during pregnancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.