ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2009
Bacterial gene amplification: implications for the evolution of antibiotic resistance.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 200 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
200 citing papers in PubMed.
- Population size modulates the transition from gene amplification-mediated heteroresistance to stable resistance.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Role of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes in the dissemination of β-lactam resistance within aquatic environments: mechanisms, persistence, and one health implications.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- ISmLife · 2026Article
- The shared evolutionary capacities of plasmids and extrachromosomal DNA.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Cobalt and nickel ion synergy promotes gene amplification and stable metal resistance inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Non-canonical gene amplifications facilitate adaptive evolution in bacteria.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Bacterial heteroresistance mechanisms, dynamics, and emerging diagnostic approaches.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- Resistance potentiators: Evolutionary catalysts of antibiotic resistance.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Molecular evolution in light of regulatory-coding epistasis.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- Tandem amplification of theMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- In vivo evolution of resistance to novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations through overproduction of the horizontally acquired extended-spectrum AmpC β-lactamase FOX-14 and porin disruption in Serratia marcescens.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- The dynamic distribution of genetic tandem amplifications in a heteroresistant Escherichia coli population revealed by ultra-deep long read sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Ecological context structures duplication and mobilization of antibiotic and metal resistance genes in bacteria.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Preventing resistance development in infections by OXA β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa: correlating clinical outcomes with hollow-fibre model input.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Replication stress increases de novo CNVs across the malaria parasite genome.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Antechokinetics, the kinetics of antimicrobial resistance molecules.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Tuning evolvability via plasmid copy number and regulatory architecture.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evolutionary trajectories determine feasibility of collateral sensitivity-based antibiotic treatment strategies in critical bacterial pathogens.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Deciphering gene redundancy in prokaryotic genomes provides evolutionary insights for pathogenicity and its roles in clinical infections.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Modulators of gene amplification alter evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
140 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent data suggest that, in response to the presence of antibiotics, gene duplication and amplification (GDA) constitutes an important adaptive mechanism in bacteria. For example, resistance to sulphonamide, trimethoprim and beta-lactams can be conferred by increased gene dosage through GDA of antibiotic hydrolytic enzymes, target enzymes or efflux pumps. Furthermore, most types of antibiotic resistance mechanism are deleterious in the absence of antibiotics, and these fitness costs can be ameliorated by increased gene dosage of limiting functions. In this Review, we highlight the dynamic properties of gene amplifications and describe how they can facilitate adaptive evolution in response to toxic drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.