Trial reportInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2009
Brightness as a function of current amplitude in human retinal electrical stimulation.
Trial report in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00279500 (Chronic Retinal Electrodes to Provide Electrical Stimulation of the Retina to Elicit Visual Percepts in Blind Subjects), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Chronic Retinal Electrodes to Provide Electrical Stimulation of the Retina to Elicit Visual Percepts in Blind Subjects
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interim results from the international trial of Second Sight's visual prosthesis.Ophthalmology · 2012Trial
- Frequency and amplitude modulation have different effects on the percepts elicited by retinal stimulation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2012Trial
- Inhibitory Circuits Can Restore OFF Pathway Responses in Retinal Prostheses.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Fuzzing the brain: automated stress testing for the safety of ML-driven neurostimulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2026Article
- Can bionic eyes restore vision? Breakthroughs, challenges, and future frontiers in ophthalmology - A comprehensive review.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Article
- Machine Learning Techniques for Simulating Human Psychophysical Testing of Low-Resolution Phosphene Face Images in Artificial Vision.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Spatially Localized Visual Perception Estimation by Means of Prosthetic Vision Simulation.Journal of imaging · 2024Article
- A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Human-in-the-Loop Optimization for Deep Stimulus Encoding in Visual Prostheses.Advances in neural information processing systems · 2023Article
- Clinical Progress and Optimization of Information Processing in Artificial Visual Prostheses.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Factors affecting two-point discrimination in Argus II patients.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- A Computational Model of Phosphene Appearance for Epiretinal Prostheses.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2021Article
- The impact of synchronous versus asynchronous electrical stimulation in artificial vision.Journal of neural engineering · 2021Review
- Harmonization of Outcomes and Vision Endpoints in Vision Restoration Trials: Recommendations from the International HOVER Taskforce.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- An update on retinal prostheses.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Review
- A model of ganglion axon pathways accounts for percepts elicited by retinal implants.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Learning to see again: biological constraints on cortical plasticity and the implications for sight restoration technologies.Journal of neural engineering · 2017Review
- Amplitude Modulation-based Electrical Stimulation for Encoding Multipixel Spatiotemporal Visual Information in Retinal Neural Activities.Journal of Korean medical science · 2017Article
- Pulse trains to percepts: the challenge of creating a perceptually intelligible world with sight recovery technologies.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Review
- Effects of different three-dimensional electrodes on epiretinal electrical stimulation by modeling analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWith the goal of eventually restoring functional vision in patients with retinal degenerative diseases, USC/Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. chronically implanted blind human subjects with a prototype epiretinal prosthesis consisting of a 4 x 4 array of 16 stimulating electrodes. To accurately represent a visual scene, a visual prosthesis must convey luminance information across a range of brightness levels. To achieve this, the brightness of phosphenes produced by an individual electrode should scale appropriately with luminance, and the same luminance should produce equivalently bright phosphenes across the entire electrode array. The goal was to examine how apparent brightness changes as a function of stimulation intensity across electrodes.
methodsAs described in previous studies, electrical stimulation of intact cells of the neural retina using this prosthetic device reliably elicits visual percepts in human subjects blinded by retinitis pigmentosa. Here, apparent brightness for a range of electrical amplitudes was measured using both subjective magnitude rating and brightness-matching procedures in chronically implanted human subjects.
resultsIt was found that apparent brightness can be described as a power function of stimulation intensity. The same model can also predict brightness matching across electrodes.
conclusionsThese results suggest that a relatively simple model for scaling current across electrodes may be capable of producing equivalently bright phosphenes across an entire array. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00279500.).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.