ArticleDevelopmental biology2009
D quadrant specification in the leech Helobdella: actomyosin contractility controls the unequal cleavage of the CD blastomere.
Article in Developmental biology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonmuscle Myosin II is Required for Larval Shell Formation in a Patellogastropod.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Slipper snail tales: How Crepidula fornicata and Crepidula atrasolea became model molluscs.Current topics in developmental biology · 2022Article
- The quagga mussel genome and the evolution of freshwater tolerance.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2019Article
- The asymmetric cell division machinery in the spiral-cleaving egg and embryo of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.BMC developmental biology · 2017Article
- Transcriptional control of unequal cleavage in early Tubifex embryos.Development genes and evolution · 2017Article
- Formin Is Associated with Left-Right Asymmetry in the Pond Snail and the Frog.Current biology : CB · 2016Article
- Developmental biology of the leech Helobdella.The International journal of developmental biology · 2014Article
- Lineage analysis of micromere 4d, a super-phylotypic cell for Lophotrochozoa, in the leech Helobdella and the sludgeworm Tubifex.Developmental biology · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The unequal division of the CD blastomere at second cleavage is critical in establishing the second embryonic axis in the leech Helobdella, as in other unequally cleaving spiralians. When CD divides, the larger D and smaller C blastomeres arise invariantly on the left and right sides of the embryo, respectively. Here we show that stereotyped cellular dynamics, including the formation of an intercellular blastocoel, culminate in a morphological left-right asymmetry in the 2-cell embryo, which precedes cytokinesis and predicts the chirality of the second cleavage. In contrast to the unequal first cleavage, the unequal second cleavage does not result from down-regulation of one centrosome, nor from an asymmetry within the spindle itself. Instead, the unequal cleavage of the CD cell entails a symmetric mitotic apparatus moving and anisotropically growing rightward in an actomyosin-dependent process. Our data reveal that mechanisms controlling the establishment of the D quadrant differ fundamentally even among the monophyletic clitellate annelids. Thus, while the homologous spiral cleavage pattern is highly conserved in this clade, it has diverged significantly at the level of cell biological mechanisms. This combination of operational conservation and mechanistic divergence begins to explain how the spiral cleavage program has remained so refractory to change while, paradoxically, accommodating numerous modifications throughout evolution.
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