ArticleBlood2009
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 produces a spliced antisense transcript encoding a protein that lacks a classic bZIP domain but still inhibits Tax2-mediated transcription.
Article in Blood, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): Epidemiology, Genetic, Pathogenesis, and Future Challenges.Viruses · 2025Review
- Vulnerability to APOBEC3G linked to the pathogenicity of deltaretroviruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Origin and functional role of antisense transcription in endogenous and exogenous retroviruses.Retrovirology · 2023Review
- Novel perspectives on antisense transcription in HIV-1, HTLV-1, and HTLV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- A newly identified interaction between nucleolar NPM1/B23 and the HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor in HTLV-1 infected cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Retroviral Antisense Transcripts and Genes: 33 Years after First Predicted, a Silent Retroviral Revolution?Viruses · 2021Review
- Article
- Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- The ESCRT-0 Protein HRS Interacts with the Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 Antisense Protein APH-2 and Suppresses Viral Replication.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Deltaretroviruses have circulated since at least the Paleogene and infected a broad range of mammalian species.Retrovirology · 2019Article
- The HIV-1 Antisense Protein ASP Is a Transmembrane Protein of the Cell Surface and an Integral Protein of the Viral Envelope.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Silencers of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2: the pX-encoded latency-maintenance factors.Retrovirology · 2019Review
- Comparative virology of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2.Retrovirology · 2019Review
- HTLV-1 as a Model for Virus and Host Coordinated Immunoediting.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- TRAF3 Is Required for NF-κB Pathway Activation Mediated by HTLV Tax Proteins.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Stability of HTLV-2 antisense protein is controlled by PML nuclear bodies in a SUMO-dependent manner.Oncogene · 2018Article
- Human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1: parasitism and pathogenesis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 and its oncogenesis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2017Review
- Concomitant emergence of the antisense protein gene of HIV-1 and of the pandemic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Novel interactions between the HTLV antisense proteins HBZ and APH-2 and the NFAR protein family: Implications for the HTLV lifecycles.Virology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) retroviruses infect T lymphocytes. The minus strand of the HTLV-1 genome encodes HBZ, a protein that could play a role in the development of leukemia in infected patients. Herein, we demonstrate that the complementary strand of the HTLV-2 genome also encodes a protein that we named APH-2 for "antisense protein of HTLV-2." APH-2 mRNA is spliced, polyadenylated, and initiates in the 3'-long terminal repeat at different positions. This transcript was detected in all HTLV-2-infected cell lines and short-term culture of lymphocytes obtained from HTLV-2 African patients tested and in 4 of 15 HTLV-2-infected blood donors. The APH-2 protein is 183 amino acids long, is localized in the cell nucleus, and is detected in vivo. Despite the lack of a consensus basic leucine zipper domain, APH-2 interacts with cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein (CREB) and represses Tax2-mediated transcription in Tax2-expressing cells and in cells transfected with an HTLV-2 molecular clone. Altogether, our results demonstrate the existence of an antisense strand-encoded protein in HTLV-2, which could represent an important player in the development of disorders, such as lymphocytosis, which is frequently observed in HTLV-2 patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.