ArticleCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2009
Effects of cell number on teratoma formation by human embryonic stem cells.
Article in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and trend of stem cell therapy for diabetes: a comprehensive review based on knowledge visualization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Clinical-Grade hESC-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Interstitial Cystitis.Stem cells international · 2026Article
- Intranasally administered muse cells attenuate neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Addressing the challenges of immunogenicity, heterogeneity and tumorigenicity in the clinical translation of human embryonic stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
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- Stem cell therapies for diabetes.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- Generation and purification of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes for clinical applications.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- 3D dynamic culture of muse cells on a porous gelatin microsphere after magnetic sorting: Achieving high purity proliferation.Regenerative therapy · 2025Article
- Evaluating Strategies to Assess the Differentiation Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Review, Analysis and Call for Innovation.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Review
- FAK signaling suppression by OCT4-ITGA6 mediates the effectively removal of residual pluripotent stem cells and enhances application safety.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: Progress, Promises and Challenges.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Review
- Thymidylate synthase disruption to limit cell proliferation in cell therapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- The Challenges to Advancing Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Dependent Cell Replacement Therapy.Medical research archives · 2023Article
- Estimating residual undifferentiated cells in human chemically induced pluripotent stem cell derived islets using lncRNA as biomarkers.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Optimization of differential filtration-based mitochondrial isolation for mitochondrial transplant to cerebral organoids.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- Suspension culture improves iPSC expansion and pluripotency phenotype.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Strategies for Improving Vascularization in Kidney Organoids: A Review of Current Trends.Biology · 2023Review
- Biomaterials used for tissue engineering of barrier-forming cell monolayers in the eye.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Teratoma formation is a critical obstacle to safe clinical translation of human embryonic stem (ES) cell-based therapies in the future. As current methods of isolation are unable to yield 100% pure population of differentiated cells from a pluripotent donor source, potential development of these tumors is a significant concern. Here we used non-invasive reporter gene imaging to investigate the relationship between human ES cell number and teratoma formation in a xenogenic model of ES cell transplantation. Human ES cells (H9 line) were stably transduced with a double fusion (DF) reporter construct containing firefly luciferase and enhanced green fluorescent protein (Fluc-eGFP) driven by a human ubiquitin promoter. Immunodeficient mice received intramyocardial (n = 35) or skeletal muscle (n = 35) injection of 1 x 10(2), 1 x 10(3), 1 x 10(4), 1 x 10(5) or 1 x 10(6) DF positive ES cells suspended in saline for myocardium and Matrigel for skeletal muscle. Cell survival and proliferation were monitored via bioluminescence imaging (BLI) for an 8 week period following transplantation. Mice negative for Fluc signal after 8 weeks were followed out to day 365 to confirm tumor absence. Significantly, in this study, a minimum of 1 x 10(5) ES cells in the myocardium and 1 x 10(4) cells in the skeletal muscle was observed to be requisite for teratoma development, suggesting that human ES cell number may be a critical factor in teratoma formation. Engraftment and tumor occurrence were also observed to be highly dependent on ES cell number. We anticipate these results should yield useful insights to the safe and reliable application of human ES cell derivatives in the clinic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.