Trial reportDiabetes care2009
Effects of exercise training intensity on pancreatic beta-cell function.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of resistance training in improving beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Preventive Role of Diet Interventions and Dietary Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Umbrella Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- β-Cell function during a high-fat meal in young versus old adults: role of exercise.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2023Trial
- Effects of different doses of exercise and diet-induced weight loss on beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes (DOSE-EX): a randomized clinical trial.Nature metabolism · 2023Trial
- Exercise mode influences post-exercise glucose sensitivity and insulin clearance in young, healthy males and females in a sex-dependent manner: A randomized control trial.Physiological reports · 2022Trial
- Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Impact of short-term exercise training intensity on β-cell function in older obese adults with prediabetes.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2018Trial
- Exercise training decreases pancreatic fat content and improves beta cell function regardless of baseline glucose tolerance: a randomised controlled trial.Diabetologia · 2018Trial
- Combining Short-Term Interval Training with Caloric Restriction Improves ß-Cell Function in Obese Adults.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Exercise reduces body fat and improves insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell function in overweight and obese male Taiwanese adolescents.BMC pediatrics · 2018Trial
- The effect of different volumes of high-intensity interval training on proinsulin in participants with the metabolic syndrome: a randomised trial.Diabetologia · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Dose response of exercise training following roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery: A randomized trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2015Trial
- The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combination training on insulin sensitivity and secretion in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT: a randomized trial.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2015Trial
- High Intensity Interval Training Improves Glycaemic Control and Pancreatic β Cell Function of Type 2 Diabetes Patients.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Mechanisms behind the superior effects of interval vs continuous training on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.Diabetologia · 2014Trial
- Pancreatic β-cell function increases in a linear dose-response manner following exercise training in adults with prediabetes.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Trial
- A low-glycemic diet lifestyle intervention improves fat utilization during exercise in older obese humans.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2013Trial
- Trial
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInsulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction both are important contributors to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Exercise training improves insulin sensitivity, but its effects on beta-cell function are less well studied. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSedentary, overweight adults were randomized to control or one of three 8-month exercise programs: 1) low amount/moderate intensity, 2) low amount/vigorous intensity, or 3) high amount/vigorous intensity. Of 387 randomized, 260 completed the study and 237 had complete data. Insulin sensitivity (S(i)), acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg), and the disposition index (DI = S(i) x AIRg) were modeled from an intravenous glucose tolerance test.
resultsCompared with control subjects, all three training programs led to increases in DI. However, the moderate-intensity group experienced a significantly larger increase in DI than either of the vigorous-intensity groups and through a different mechanism. The high-amount/vigorous-intensity group improved S(i) and had a compensatory reduction in AIRg, whereas the moderate-intensity group had a similar improvement in S(i) but almost no reduction in AIRg. Importantly, the inactive control group experienced a significant increase in fasting glucose.
conclusionsTo the extent that the DI accurately reflects beta-cell function, we observed that both moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise training improved beta-cell function, albeit through distinct mechanisms. It is not clear which of these mechanisms is preferable for maintenance of metabolic health. While moderate-intensity exercise led to a larger improvement in DI, which may reflect a transition toward a more normal DI, longer-term investigations would be necessary to determine which was more effective at reducing diabetes risk.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.