ArticleCarcinogenesis2009
Association between global DNA hypomethylation in leukocytes and risk of breast cancer.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of DNA Methylation in Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Blood-based DNA methylation as biomarker for breast cancer: a systematic review.Clinical epigenetics · 2016Pooled it
- LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood and tissue samples as an epigenetic marker for cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Global DNA hypomethylation in peripheral blood leukocytes as a biomarker for cancer risk: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2012Pooled it
- Trial
- Prospective study of DNA methylation at LINE-1 and Alu in peripheral blood and the risk of prostate cancer.The Prostate · 2015Trial
- No effect of weight loss on LINE-1 methylation levels in peripheral blood leukocytes from postmenopausal overweight women.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2014Trial
- Blood leukocyte DNA hypomethylation and gastric cancer risk in a high-risk Polish population.International journal of cancer · 2010Trial
- Review
- Article
- Unveiling Epigenetic Regulatory Elements Associated with Breast Cancer Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A State of the Science Review of Human Health Effects of the Michigan Polybrominated Biphenyl Contamination after Five Decades.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Review
- Review
- Blood leukocytes as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules: a prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Additive subdistribution hazards regression for competing risks data in case-cohort studies.Biometrics · 2023Article
- Article
- Promoter Methylation-Regulated Differentially Expressed Genes in Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2023Article
- Longevity, cellular senescence and the gut microbiome: lessons to be learned from crocodiles.Heliyon · 2021Review
- Diet, Sports, and Psychological Stress as Modulators of Breast Cancer Risk: Focus onFrontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- The Effects of Dietary Interventions on DNA Methylation: Implications for Obesity Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlobal DNA hypomethylation may result in chromosomal instability and oncogene activation, and as a surrogate of systemic methylation activity, may be associated with breast cancer risk.
methodsSamples and data were obtained from women with incident early-stage breast cancer (I-IIIa) and women who were cancer free, frequency matched on age and race. In preliminary analyses, genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA was determined by measuring 5-methyldeoxycytosine (5-mdC), as well as methylation analysis of the LINE-1-repetitive DNA element. Further analyses used only 5-mdC levels. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of breast cancer in relation to amounts of methylation.
resultsIn a subset of samples tested (n = 37), 5-mdC level was not correlated with LINE-1 methylation. 5-mdC level in leukocyte DNA was significantly lower in breast cancer cases than healthy controls (P = 0.001), but no significant case-control differences were observed with LINE-1 methylation (P = 0.176). In the entire data set, we noted significant differences in 5-mdC levels in leukocytes between cases (n = 176) and controls (n = 173); P value < 0.001. Compared with women in the highest 5-mdC tertile (T3), women in the second (T2; OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.84-2.65) and lowest tertile (T1; OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.65-4.94) had higher risk of breast cancer (P for trend < or = 0.001). Among controls only and cases and controls combined, only alcohol intake was found to be inversely associated with methylation levels.
conclusionThese findings suggest that leukocyte DNA hypomethylation is independently associated with development of breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.