Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19578362›Full record

ArticleNature2009

The AP-1 transcription factor Batf controls T(H)17 differentiation.

Barbara U Schraml, Kai Hildner, Wataru Ise, Wan-Ling Lee, Whitney A-E Smith, Ben Solomon, Gurmukh Sahota, Julia Sim, Ryuta Mukasa, Saso Cemerski and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 375 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
375citing papers in PubMed
14.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

375 citing papers in PubMed, 638 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Overcoming T cell exhaustion and senescence in CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Enhancer hubs govern chromatin topology and Th17 cell identity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Cellular antibody affinity-based CRISPR screening identifies JUNB as a broadly acting antiviral factor.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. How Cytokines Regulate Immune Response Toward Chronic Allograft Rejection?Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Nuclear receptor coregulator NRIP1 R448G modulates T cell gut homing to control intestinal inflammation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  20. Th17 cell pathogenicity in autoimmune disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025
    Review

315 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Barbara U SchramlDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Kai Hildner
Wataru Ise
Wan-Ling Lee
Whitney A-E Smith
Ben Solomon
Gurmukh Sahota
Julia Sim
Ryuta Mukasa
Saso Cemerski
Robin D Hatton
Gary D Stormo
Casey T Weaver
John H Russell
Theresa L Murphy
Kenneth M Murphy
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARD-MEDICAL SCIENTISTT32GM007200 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI YOKOYAMA, WAYNE M. · 1985 to 2024
$59.8M
DNA PATTERN IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSISR01HG000249 · NHGRI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI STORMO, GARY D · 1990 to 2017
$5.6M
POSTTHYMIC T-CELL FUNCTIONAL REPERTOIRE HETEROGENEITYR01AI035783 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI WEAVER, CASEY T · 1994 to 2010
$2.4M
TRAINING PROGRAM IN COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGYT32GM008802 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI STORMO, GARY D · 2001 to 2010
$1.7M
Effector cell gene regulation by Egr factorsK01AR049293 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI HATTON, ROBIN D · 2004 to 2007
$405k
POSTTHYMIC T CELL FUNCTIONAL REPERTOIRE HETEROGENEITYR21AI035783 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI WEAVER, CASEY T · 1997 to 2003
$363k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHGRI NIH HHS HG00249NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG000249NIAID NIH HHS AI035783NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI035783NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI035783NIAMS NIH HHS AR049293NIAMS NIH HHS K01 AR049293NIGMS NIH HHS GM07200NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007200NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008802
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Activator protein 1 (AP-1, also known as JUN) transcription factors are dimers of JUN, FOS, MAF and activating transcription factor (ATF) family proteins characterized by basic region and leucine zipper domains. Many AP-1 proteins contain defined transcriptional activation domains, but BATF and the closely related BATF3 (refs 2, 3) contain only a basic region and leucine zipper, and are considered to be inhibitors of AP-1 activity. Here we show that Batf is required for the differentiation of IL17-producing T helper (T(H)17) cells. T(H)17 cells comprise a CD4(+) T-cell subset that coordinates inflammatory responses in host defence but is pathogenic in autoimmunity. Batf(-/-) mice have normal T(H)1 and T(H)2 differentiation, but show a defect in T(H)17 differentiation, and are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Batf(-/-) T cells fail to induce known factors required for T(H)17 differentiation, such as RORgamma t (encoded by Rorc) and the cytokine IL21 (refs 14-17). Neither the addition of IL21 nor the overexpression of RORgamma t fully restores IL17 production in Batf(-/-) T cells. The Il17 promoter is BATF-responsive, and after T(H)17 differentiation, BATF binds conserved intergenic elements in the Il17a-Il17f locus and to the Il17, Il21 and Il22 (ref. 18) promoters. These results demonstrate that the AP-1 protein BATF has a critical role in T(H)17 differentiation.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationAnimalsBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsEncephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalFemaleGene Expression RegulationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseInterleukin-17Interleukin-21InterleukinsLymph NodesMaleMiceNuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3Promoter Regions, GeneticReceptors, Retinoic AcidBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsBatf protein, mouseInterleukin-17Interleukin-21InterleukinsNuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3Receptors, Retinoic AcidReceptors, Thyroid HormoneRorc protein, mouseTranscription Factor AP-1

Identifiers

PMID19578362
PMCPMC2716014
OpenAlexW2036012609

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.