ArticleDiabetologia2009
Maggot secretions suppress pro-inflammatory responses of human monocytes through elevation of cyclic AMP.
Article in Diabetologia, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of a Hemolymph-Based Cream Derived fromJournal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Antibacterial Potential of Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Maggot Excretions/Secretions in Presence of Human Tear Fluid.Neotropical entomology · 2025Article
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- Evaluating leishmanicidal effects of Lucilia sericata products in combination with Apis mellifera honey using an in vitro model.PloS one · 2023Article
- Roles of NRF2 in Fibrotic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
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- Practical context of enzymatic treatment for wound healing: A secreted protease approach (Review).Biomedical reports · 2020Review
- Effectiveness of Chronic Wound Debridement with the Use of Larvae ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Pharmacological Properties of the Medical Maggot: A Novel Therapy Overview.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Review
- TIME management by medicinal larvae.International wound journal · 2016Review
- Traditional Therapies for Skin Wound Healing.Advances in wound care · 2016Review
- Towards next generation maggot debridement therapy: transgenic Lucilia sericata larvae that produce and secrete a human growth factor.BMC biotechnology · 2016Article
- Next Generation Sequencing Identifies Five Major Classes of Potentially Therapeutic Enzymes Secreted by Lucilia sericata Medical Maggots.BioMed research international · 2016Article
- A novel serine protease secreted by medicinal maggots enhances plasminogen activator-induced fibrinolysis.PloS one · 2014Article
- Sterilization of Chrysomya putoria (Insecta: Diptera: Calliphoridae) eggs for use in biotherapy.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2014Article
- Recent advances in developing insect natural products as potential modern day medicines.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2014Review
- Mechanisms of maggot-induced wound healing: what do we know, and where do we go from here?Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2014Review
- Adjunct methods of the standard diabetic foot ulceration therapy.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2013Article
- The effects of maggot secretions on the inflammatory cytokines in serum of traumatic rats.African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisMaggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata are used for the treatment of chronic wounds. As monocytes may contribute to the excessive inflammatory responses in such wounds, this study focussed on the effects of maggot secretions on the pro-inflammatory activities of these cells.
methodsFreshly isolated monocytes were incubated with a range of secretions for 1 h and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (range 0-100 ng/ml) or lipoteichoic acid (range 0-5 microg/ml) for 18 h. The expression of cell surface molecules, cytokine and chemokine levels in culture supernatants, cell viability, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus were measured.
resultsMaggot secretions dose-dependently inhibited production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-12p40 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor by lipopolysaccharides- and lipoteichoic acid-stimulated monocytes, while enhancing production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Expression of cell surface receptors involved in pathogen recognition remained unaffected by secretions. In addition, maggot secretions altered the chemokine profile of monocytes by downregulating macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta and upregulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-8. Nevertheless, chemotactic responses of monocytes were inhibited by secretions. Furthermore, maggot secretions did not affect phagocytosis and intracellular killing of S. aureus by human monocytes. Finally, secretions induced a transient rise in the intracellular cyclic AMP concentration in monocytes and Rp-cyclic AMPS inhibited the effects of secretions. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationMaggot secretions inhibit the pro-inflammatory responses of human monocytes through a cyclic AMP-dependent mechanism. Regulation of the inflammatory processes by maggots contributes to their beneficial effects on chronic wounds.
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