ReviewBiotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission2010
Sihler's whole mount nerve staining technique: a review.
Review in Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional compartmentalization of the anconeus: A three-dimensional study of muscle morphology and innervation patterns.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Article
- The Neuromuscular Junction Distribution in the Upper Face: An Anatomy-to-Practice Review to Inform Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment Planning.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Review
- Layer-Specific Architecture and Nerve Innervation of the Popliteus Muscle: Neuroanatomical Basis for Precision-Guided Interventions for the Knee Joint.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Anatomical validation of safe zones for facial nerve preservation in supraorbital keyhole approach: a cadaveric study.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Article
- Intramuscular neural distribution of the vastus lateralis informs effective and safe botulinum neurotoxin injection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Anatomical consideration for botulinum toxin injection of the frontalis muscle based on analysis of intramuscular innervation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- NerveTracker: a Python-based software toolkit for visualizing and tracking groups of nerve fibers in serial block-face microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation images.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Intramuscular nerve distribution of the sternocleidomastoid muscle for the botulinum toxin injection.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Article
- An assessment of the variation of the intramuscular innervation of the gracilis muscle, with the aim of determining its neuromuscular compartments.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
- Anatomical locations of the motor endplates of sartorius muscle for botulinum toxin injections in treatment of muscle spasticity.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
- Gross and Micro-Anatomical Study of the Cavernous Segment of the Abducens Nerve and Its Relationships to Internal Carotid Plexus: Application to Skull Base Surgery.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Innervation of the distal part of the vastus medialis muscle is endangered by splitting its muscle fibers during total knee replacement: an anatomical study using modified Sihler's technique.Acta orthopaedica · 2021Article
- Limb Muscle Reinnervation with the Nerve-Muscle-Endplate Grafting Technique: An Anatomical Feasibility Study.Neurology research international · 2021Article
- Selective Denervation of the Facial Dermato-Muscular Complex in the Rat: Experimental Model and Anatomical Basis.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2021Article
- Macro/microscopic distribution of the dorsal nerve of penis in human glans penis.Journal of anatomy · 2020Article
- Article
- Comparison of lateral and medial rectus muscle in human: an anatomical study with particular emphasis on morphology, intramuscular innervation pattern variations and discussion on clinical significance.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2020Article
- The Contribution of the Left Phrenic Nerve to Innervation of the Esophagogastric Junction.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sihler's stain is a whole mount nerve staining technique that renders other soft tissue translucent or transparent while staining the nerves. It permits mapping of entire nerve supply patterns of organs, skeletal muscles, mucosa, skin, and other structures after the specimens are fixed in neutralized formalin, macerated in potassium hydroxide, decalcified in acetic acid, stained in Ehrlich's hematoxylin, destained in acetic acid, and cleared in glycerin. The unique advantage of Sihler's stain over other anatomical methods is that all the nerves within the stained specimen can be visualized in their three-dimensional positions. To date, Sihler's stain is the best tool for demonstrating the precise intramuscular branching and distribution patterns of skeletal muscles, which are important not only for anatomists, but also for physiologists and clinicians. Advanced knowledge of the neural structures within mammalian skeletal muscles is critical for understanding muscle functions, performing electrophysiological experiments and developing novel neurosurgical techniques. In this review, Sihler's stain is described in detail and its use in nerve mapping is surveyed. Special emphasis is placed on staining procedures and troubleshooting, strengths and limitations, applications, major contributions to neuroscience, physiological and clinical significance, and areas for further technical improvement that deserve future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.