ArticleTobacco induced diseases2003
Oxidative stress, cell death, and other damage to alveolar epithelial cells induced by cigarette smoke.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploiting meta-analysis of genome-wide interaction with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D to identify novel genetic loci associated with pulmonary function.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Acute cell‑death and lysosomal stress responses to nicotine and cigarette smoke extract in human mesenchymal stromal cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Pipe and cigar use, lung function decline and clinical outcomes: an analysis of the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study.Thorax · 2026Article
- Retinal and choroidal microvascular alterations in ıdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an OCTA study.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Scutellarein fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Cigarette Smoking as an Independent Predictor of Endothelial Cell Loss After Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- The Convergent Immunopathogenesis of Cigarette Smoke Exposure: From Oxidative Stress to Epigenetic Reprogramming in Chronic Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- CYP1B1 Mediates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lipid Accumulation in Alveolar Type 2 Cells.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Emphysema in Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study Involving 44,949 Participants.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2024Article
- What Is on the Horizon for Treatments in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Formoterol Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects Modulating Oxidative Stress and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Processes in Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposed Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cigarette Smoke Modulates Inflammation and ImmunityAntioxidants & redox signaling · 2023Review
- Sensitization of GSH synthesis by curcumin curtails acrolein-induced alveolar epithelial apoptosis via Keap1 cysteine conjugation: A randomized controlled trial and experimental animal model of pneumonitis.Journal of advanced research · 2023Article
- Molecular Biomarker Identification Using a Network-Based Bioinformatics Approach That Links COVID-19 With Smoking.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2023Article
- In Vitro Toxicological Investigation and Risk Assessment of E-Cigarette Aerosols Based on a Novel Solvent-Free Extraction Method.ACS omega · 2022Article
- Article
- Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Their Adverse Effects on the Endoplasmic Reticulum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Iron-Regulated Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Programmed Cell Death in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in the development of various lung diseases, including pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The mechanisms of these diseases include alterations in alveolar epithelial cells, which are essential in the maintenance of normal alveolar architecture and function. Following cigarette smoking, alterations in alveolar epithelial cells induce an increase in epithelial permeability, a decrease in surfactant production, the inappropriate production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and an increased risk of lung cancer. However, the most deleterious effect of cigarette smoke on alveolar epithelial cells is cell death, i.e., either apoptosis or necrosis depending on the magnitude of cigarette smoke exposure. Cell death induced by cigarette smoke exposure can largely be accounted for by an enhancement in oxidative stress. In fact, cigarette smoke contains and generates many reactive oxygen species that damage alveolar epithelial cells. Whether apoptosis and/or necrosis in alveolar epithelial cells is enhanced in healthy cigarette smokers is presently unclear. However, recent evidence indicates that the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar endothelial cells is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema, an important cigarette smoke-induced lung disease characterized by the loss of alveolar structures. This review will discuss oxidative stress, cell death, and other damage to alveolar epithelial cells induced by cigarette smoke.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.