ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2009
Timing of births and endometrial cancer risk in Swedish women.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time since last birth and the risk of endometrial cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Intrauterine devices and endometrial cancer risk: a pooled analysis of the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium.International journal of cancer · 2015Trial
- Review
- Five-year disease-free survival in FIGO IA stage endometrial cancer patients: Tertiary institution experience in a developing country.Journal of contemporary brachytherapy · 2023Article
- Risk factors for endometrial cancer in Black women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2023Article
- Age-specific trend and birth cohort effect on different histologic types of uterine corpus cancers.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Associations of pregnancy-related factors and birth characteristics with risk of endometrial cancer: A Nordic population-based case-control study.International journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Lifetime number of years of menstruation as a risk index for postmenopausal endometrial cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2018Article
- The role of pregnancy, perinatal factors and hormones in maternal cancer risk: a review of the evidence.Journal of internal medicine · 2018Review
- Age at First Birth and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer Incidence: A Pooled Analysis of Two Prospective Cohort Studies among Japanese Women.Journal of Cancer · 2018Article
- Reproductive factors and incidence of endometrial cancer in U.S. black women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2017Article
- Risk factors for endometrial cancer in black and white women: a pooled analysis from the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2).Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2015Article
- Article
- Age at last birth in relation to risk of endometrial cancer: pooled analysis in the epidemiology of endometrial cancer consortium.American journal of epidemiology · 2012Article
- Pregnancy history and risk of endometrial cancer.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2011Article
- Effect of parity on fetal and maternal microchimerism: interaction of grafts within a host?Blood · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While a protective long-term effect of parity on endometrial cancer risk is well established, the impact of timing of births is not fully understood. We examined the relationship between endometrial cancer risk and reproductive characteristics in a population-based cohort of 2,674,465 Swedish women, 20-72 years of age. During follow-up from 1973 to 2004, 7,386 endometrial cancers were observed. Compared to uniparous women, nulliparous women had a significantly elevated endometrial cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-1.42). Endometrial cancer risk decreased with increasing parity; compared to uniparous women, women with > or =4 births had a HR = 0.66 (95% CI, 0.59-0.74); p-trend < 0.001. Among multiparous women, we observed no relationship of risk with age at first birth after adjustment for other reproductive factors. While we initially observed a decreased risk with later ages at last birth, this appeared to reflect a stronger relationship with time since last birth, with women with shorter times being at lowest risk. In models for multiparous women that included number of births, age at first and last birth, and time since last birth, age at last birth was not associated with endometrial cancer risk, while shorter time since last birth and increased parity were associated with statistically significantly reduced endometrial cancer risks. The HR was 3.95 (95% CI; 2.17-7.20; p-trend = <0.0001) for women with > or =25 years since a last birth compared to women having given birth within 4 years. Our findings support that clearance of initiated cells during delivery may be important in endometrial carcinogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.