ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2009
Immune escape mechanisms of intraocular tumors.
Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Immunotherapy for ocular melanoma: a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 1991 to 2022.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Additive Role of Immune System Infiltration and Angiogenesis in Uveal Melanoma Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Uveal melanoma: A review of current treatment limitations and the emerging therapeutic potential of natural killer cells.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Review
- Potential of Nanoparticle-Based Phototherapies for Future Treatment of Uveal Melanoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Combination of YAP inhibition and photodynamic therapy induces dual DNA damage and activates STING pathway to enhance immunotherapy in uveal melanoma.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Precision Oncology in Ocular Melanoma: Integrating Molecular and Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Intraocular Tumors in Horses: Diagnosis, Tumor Classification, Oncologic Assessment and Therapy.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Construction of oxidative phosphorylation-related prognostic risk score model in uveal melanoma.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Biological characteristics and clinical management of uveal and conjunctival melanoma.Oncology research · 2024Review
- Targeting β-catenin using XAV939 nanoparticle promotes immunogenic cell death and suppresses conjunctival melanoma progression.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- In Vitro Testing of the Virus-Like Drug Conjugate Belzupacap Sarotalocan (AU-011) on Uveal Melanoma Suggests BAP1-Related Immunostimulatory Capacity.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Enhancing the immune effect of oHSV-1 therapy through TLR3 signaling in uveal melanoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Driver mutations inOncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Integrating single-cell analysis and machine learning to create glycosylation-based gene signature for prognostic prediction of uveal melanoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Iris metastasis from endometrial carcinoma: A challenging diagnosis and individualized eye-sparing treatment.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Circulating immune profile can predict survival of metastatic uveal melanoma patients: results of an exploratory study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- KDELR3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Related to the Immune Infiltration and Chemoresistance of Anticancer Drugs in Uveal Melanoma.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Review
- Uveal Melanoma Metastasis.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The notion that the immune system might control the growth of tumors was suggested over 100 years ago by the eminent microbiologist Paul Ehrlich. This concept was refined and expanded by Burnet and Thomas 50 years later with their articulation of the "immune surveillance" hypothesis. In its simplest form, the immune surveillance hypothesis suggests that neoplasms arise spontaneously and express novel antigens that are recognized by the immune system, which either eliminates the tumors or restrains their growth. Within the eye, immune responses are controlled and sometimes profoundly inhibited - a condition known as immune privilege. Immune privilege in the eye is the result of a complex array of anatomical, physiological, and immunoregulatory mechanisms that prevent the induction and expression of many immune responses. Tumors arising in the eye would seem to have an advantage in evading immune surveillance due to ocular immune privilege. Uveal melanoma, the most common and malignant intraocular tumor in adults, not only benefits from the immune privilege of the eye but also has adopted many of the mechanisms that contribute to ocular immune privilege as a strategy for protecting uveal melanoma cells once they leave the sanctuary of the eye and are disseminated systemically in the form of metastases. Although the immune system possesses a battery of effector mechanisms designed to rid the body of neoplasms, tumors are capable of rapidly evolving and countering even the most sophisticated immunological effector mechanisms. To date, tumors seem to be winning this arms race, but an increased understanding of these mechanisms should provide insights for designing immunotherapy that was envisioned over half a century ago, but has failed to materialize to date.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.