ArticleMolecular immunology2009
Genomic organization and evolution of immunoglobulin kappa gene enhancers and kappa deleting element in mammals.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human genetic influences on early B cell development.Journal of human immunity · 2025Review
- Article
- Comparative Aspects of Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement Arrays in Different Species.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
- The antibody loci of the domestic goat (Capra hircus).Immunogenetics · 2018Article
- Immunoglobulin Light Chain Gene Rearrangements, Receptor Editing and the Development of a Self-Tolerant Antibody Repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Evolutionary genomics of immunoglobulin-encoding Loci in vertebrates.Current genomics · 2012Article
- Evolution of the porcine (Sus scrofa domestica) immunoglobulin kappa locus through germline gene conversion.Immunogenetics · 2012Article
- Delineating Rearrangements in Single Yeast Artificial Chromosomes by Quantitative DNA Fiber Mapping.The open genomics journal · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have studied the genomic structure and evolutionary pattern of immunoglobulin kappa deleting element (KDE) and three kappa enhancers (KE5', KE3'P, and KE3'D) in eleven mammalian genomic sequences. Our results show that the relative positions and the genomic organization of the KDE and the kappa enhancers are conserved in all mammals studied and have not been affected by the local rearrangements in the immunoglobulin kappa (IGK) light chain locus over a long evolutionary time ( approximately 120 million years of mammalian evolution). Our observations suggest that the sequence motifs in these regulatory elements have been conserved by purifying selection to achieve proper regulation of the expression of the IGK light chain genes. The conservation of the three enhancers in all mammals indicates that these species may use similar mechanisms to regulate IGK gene expression. However, some activities of the IGK enhancers might have evolved in the eutherian lineage. The presence of the three IGK enhancers, KDE, and other recombining elements (REs) in all mammals (including platypus) suggest that these genomic elements were in place before the mammalian radiation.
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Registered trials
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