ArticleBMC infectious diseases2009
Truncation in the tcdC region of the Clostridium difficile PathLoc of clinical isolates does not predict increased biological activity of Toxin B or Toxin A.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antibiotic resistance patterns, toxin profiles, and toxin gene expression levels among Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotypes isolated from patients scheduled for colonoscopy.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Spores of Clostridioides difficile are toxin delivery vehicles.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Ribotypes and New Virulent Strains Across Europe.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Review
- Pediatric diarrhea patients living in urban areas have a higher incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Influence of Binary Toxin Gene Detection and Decreased Susceptibility to Antibiotics among Clostridioides difficile Strains on Disease Severity: a Single-Center Study.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Emergence of Clinical Clostridioides difficile Isolates With Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Comparison of clinical severity, genotype and toxin gene expression of binary toxin-producingAccess microbiology · 2022Article
- Cwl0971, a novel peptidoglycan hydrolase, plays pleiotropic roles in Clostridioides difficile R20291.Environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- The C-Terminal Domain of Clostridioides difficile TcdC Is Exposed on the Bacterial Cell Surface.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Cwp22, a novel peptidoglycan cross-linking enzyme, plays pleiotropic roles in Clostridioides difficile.Environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis of Clostridioides difficile Clusters in Ribotype 027 Isolates and Lack of Association with Clinical Outcomes.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
- Hypervirulent clade 2, ribotype 019/sequence type 67Gut pathogens · 2019Article
- Phenotypic Characterization of Non-toxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Multiple factors contribute to bimodal toxin gene expression in Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile.Molecular microbiology · 2018Article
- High rate of Clostridium difficile among young adults presenting with diarrhea at two hospitals in Kenya.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2018Article
- Binary toxin and its clinical importance in Clostridium difficile infection, Belgium.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016Article
- Review
- Characterization of Clostridium difficile Strains in British Columbia, Canada: A Shift from NAP1 Majority (2008) to Novel Strain Types (2013) in One Region.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe increased severity of disease associated with the NAP1 strain of Clostridium difficile has been attributed to mutations to the tcdC gene which codes for a negative regulator of toxin production. To assess the role of hyper-production of Toxins A and B in clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile, two NAP1-related and five NAP1 non-related strains were compared.
methodsSequencing was performed on tcdC, tcdR, and tcdE to determine if there were differences that might account for hyper-production of Toxin A and Toxin B in NAP1-related strains. Biological activity of Toxin B was evaluated using the HFF cell CPE assay and Toxin A biological activity was assessed using the Caco-2 Trans-membrane resistance assay.
resultsOur results confirm that Toxin A and Toxin B production in NAP1-related strains and ATCC 43255 occurs earlier in the exponential growth phase compared to most NAP1-nonrelated clinical isolates. Despite the hyper-production observed in ATCC 43255 it had no mutations in tcdC, tcdR or tcdE. Analysis of the other clinical isolates indicated that the kinetics and ultimate final concentration of Toxin A and B did not correlate with the presence or lack of alterations in tcdC, tcdR or tcdE.
conclusionOur data do not support a direct role for alterations in the tcdC gene as a predictor of hyperproduction of Toxin A and B in NAP1-related strains.
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