ArticleThe international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease2009
HAART and risk of tuberculosis in HIV-infected South African children: a multi-site retrospective cohort.
Article in The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral and tuberculosis drugs in children with HIV/TB co-infection: a systematic review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Pooled it
- Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines for treatment of paediatric HIV-1 infection 2015: optimizing health in preparation for adult life.HIV medicine · 2018Guideline
- Isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- The impact of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on TB risk in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Thorax · 2017Pooled it
- Predictors of TB disease in HIV-exposed children from Southern Africa.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Trial
- Safety and Immunogenicity of Newborn MVA85A Vaccination and Selective, Delayed Bacille Calmette-Guerin for Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Mothers: A Phase 2 Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Use of antiretrovirals in HIV-infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial: IMPAACT P1041.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2017Trial
- Tuberculosis incidence is high in HIV-infected African children but is reduced by co-trimoxazole and time on antiretroviral therapy.BMC medicine · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Drug-Drug Interactions Between HIV Antivirals and Concomitant Drugs in HIV Patients: What We Know and What We Need to Know.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Transiently boosting Vγ9+Vδ2+ γδ T cells early in Mtb coinfection of SIV-infected juvenile macaques does not improve Mtb host resistance.Infection and immunity · 2024Article
- Transiently boosting Vγ9+Vδ2+ γδ T cells early in Mtb coinfection of SIV-infected juvenile macaques does not improve Mtb host resistance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Host Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Similar in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-Infected, Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated and SIV-Naïve Juvenile Macaques.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Time to Develop and Predictors for Incidence of Tuberculosis among Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.Tuberculosis research and treatment · 2021Article
- Effect of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on the Incidence of Tuberculosis among Seropositive Children Attending HIV/AIDS Care in Two General Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.Journal of tropical medicine · 2021Article
- Effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment on TB incidence among HIV infected children and their clinical profile, retrospective cohort study, South West Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Tuberculosis among Children and Adolescents at HIV Treatment Centers in Sub-Saharan Africa.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
- How Far Does Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment Reduce TB Incidence among Children? A Marginal Structural Modeling Analysis, Southwest Ethiopia.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2020Article
- Caregiver perspectives on TB case-finding and HIV clinical services for children diagnosed with TB in Tanzania.AIDS care · 2020Article
- Tuberculosis and HIV-An Update on the "Cursed Duet" in Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
settingFour human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics located at South African tertiary hospitals.
objectiveTo assess the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in reducing incident tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children.
designRetrospective cohort.
resultsA total of 1132 children's records were included in the study. At entry to the cohort, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) age, CD4%, CD4 count and viral load of all children was respectively 6.3 years (4.1-8.8), 15% (9.0-22.2), 576 cells/mm(3) (287-960) and 160 000 copies/ml (54 941.5-449 683); 75.9% were started on HAART. The male:female ratio was 1:1, and median follow-up time was 1.7 years. In children whose follow-up included both pre-HAART and on-HAART periods, the incidence of clinically diagnosed TB was respectively 21.1 per 100 person-years (py; 95%CI 18.2-24.4) and 6.4/100 py (95%CI 4.8-8.1), and when restricted to confirmed cases, respectively 3.1/100 py (95%CI 2.2-4.2) and 0.8/100 py (95%CI 0.5-1.4). Only 23% of all cases of TB were microbiologically confirmed. Multivariate analyses showed that HAART reduced incident TB by approximately 70%, both for confirmed and all TB cases.
conclusionsIn this high TB burden country, the incidence of diagnosis of TB in HIV-infected children is at least as high as that of adults. HAART reduces incident TB, but further prospective TB preventive and diagnostic studies are urgently needed in children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19555536PMC6374123What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.