ArticlePloS one2009
A trivalent virus-like particle vaccine elicits protective immune responses against seasonal influenza strains in mice and ferrets.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Viral Surface Antigens to Improve Display on Virus-like Particle (VLP) Vaccine Prototypes.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Article
- Production of human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles in Physcomitrella photobioreactors.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
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- A nanoparticle vaccine displaying varicella-zoster virus gE antigen induces a superior cellular immune response than a licensed vaccine in mice and non-human primates.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Protein Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Recombinant Influenza Hemagglutinin Enhances Immunogenicity and Breadth of the Antibody Response.ACS infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Cross-Protection Induced by Virus-like Particles Derived from the Influenza B Virus.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Virus-like particle - mediated delivery of the RIG-I agonist M8 induces a type I interferon response and protects cells against viral infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Virus-like particles: preparation, immunogenicity and their roles as nanovaccines and drug nanocarriers.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Review
- Engineered Nanoparticle Applications for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Review
- Progress in the development of virus-like particle vaccines against respiratory viruses.Expert review of vaccines · 2020Review
- Interaction Between Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) and Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) From Dendritic Cells (DCs): Toward Better Engineering of VLPs.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Improving immunological insights into the ferret model of human viral infectious disease.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Review
- Vaccination With Viral Vectors Expressing Chimeric Hemagglutinin, NP and M1 Antigens Protects Ferrets Against Influenza Virus Challenge.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Vaccine approaches conferring cross-protection against influenza viruses.Expert review of vaccines · 2017Review
- Article
- Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses to Influenza H7N9 Antigen HA1-2 Co-Delivered Intranasally with Flagellin or Polyethyleneimine in Mice and Chickens.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is need for improved human influenza vaccines, particularly for older adults who are at greatest risk for severe disease, as well as to address the continuous antigenic drift within circulating human subtypes of influenza virus. We have engineered an influenza virus-like particle (VLP) as a new generation vaccine candidate purified from the supernatants of Sf9 insect cells following infection by recombinant baculoviruses to express three influenza virus proteins, hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix 1 (M1). In this study, a seasonal trivalent VLP vaccine (TVV) formulation, composed of influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 and influenza B VLPs, was evaluated in mice and ferrets for the ability to elicit antigen-specific immune responses. Animals vaccinated with the TVV formulation had hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titers against all three homologous influenza virus strains, as well as HAI antibodies against a panel of heterologous influenza viruses. HAI titers elicited by the TVV were statistically similar to HAI titers elicited in animals vaccinated with the corresponding monovalent VLP. Mice vaccinated with the TVV had higher level of influenza specific CD8+ T cell responses than a commercial trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV). Ferrets vaccinated with the highest dose of the VLP vaccine and then challenged with the homologous H3N2 virus had the lowest titers of replicating virus in nasal washes and showed no signs of disease. Overall, a trivalent VLP vaccine elicits a broad array of immunity and can protect against influenza virus challenge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.