ArticleJournal of virology2009
Virus entry via the alternative coreceptors CCR3 and FPRL1 differs by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coreceptor usage of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid-derived HIV-1 subtype C variants.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Modeling Human Protein Physical Interactions Involved in HIV Attachment In Silico.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Involvement of formyl peptide receptor 2 in canine coronavirus infection: in vitro and in Silico approaches.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Genetic adaptations to SIV across chimpanzee populations.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Inflammatory Mechanisms and Cascades Contributing to Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV/AIDS.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Role of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators and their receptors in virus infection: a promising therapeutic strategy for SARS-CoV-2 cytokine storm.Archives of pharmacal research · 2021Review
- In vitro replicative fitness of early Transmitted founder HIV-1 variants and sensitivity to Interferon alpha.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The impact of genetic adaptation on chimpanzee subspecies differentiation.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- Transmission of Multiple HIV-1 Subtype C Transmitted/founder Viruses into the Same Recipients Was not Determined by Modest Phenotypic Differences.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Frequency and Env determinants of HIV-1 subtype C strains from antiretroviral therapy-naive subjects that display incomplete inhibition by maraviroc.Retrovirology · 2016Article
- Comprehensive Characterization of the Transmitted/Founder env Genes From a Single MSM Cohort in China.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- Viremic control and viral coreceptor usage in two HIV-1-infected persons homozygous for CCR5 Δ32.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- The HIV-1 gp41 ectodomain is cleaved by matriptase to produce a chemotactic peptide that acts through FPR2.Immunology · 2014Article
- Distinct HIV-1 entry phenotypes are associated with transmission, subtype specificity, and resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- Linkages between HIV-1 specificity for CCR5 or CXCR4 and in vitro usage of alternative coreceptors during progressive HIV-1 subtype C infection.Retrovirology · 2013Article
- Molecular identification, cloning and characterization of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype A, D and A/D infectious molecular clones.Virology · 2013Article
- Affinofile profiling: how efficiency of CD4/CCR5 usage impacts the biological and pathogenic phenotype of HIV.Virology · 2013Review
- CCR6 functions as a new coreceptor for limited primary human and simian immunodeficiency viruses.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects target cells by binding to CD4 and a chemokine receptor, most commonly CCR5. CXCR4 is a frequent alternative coreceptor (CoR) in subtype B and D HIV-1 infection, but the importance of many other alternative CoRs remains elusive. We have analyzed HIV-1 envelope (Env) proteins from 66 individuals infected with the major subtypes of HIV-1 to determine if virus entry into highly permissive NP-2 cell lines expressing most known alternative CoRs differed by HIV-1 subtype. We also performed linear regression analysis to determine if virus entry via the major CoR CCR5 correlated with use of any alternative CoR and if this correlation differed by subtype. Virus pseudotyped with subtype B Env showed robust entry via CCR3 that was highly correlated with CCR5 entry efficiency. By contrast, viruses pseudotyped with subtype A and C Env proteins were able to use the recently described alternative CoR FPRL1 more efficiently than CCR3, and use of FPRL1 was correlated with CCR5 entry. Subtype D Env was unable to use either CCR3 or FPRL1 efficiently, a unique pattern of alternative CoR use. These results suggest that each subtype of circulating HIV-1 may be subject to somewhat different selective pressures for Env-mediated entry into target cells and suggest that CCR3 may be used as a surrogate CoR by subtype B while FPRL1 may be used as a surrogate CoR by subtypes A and C. These data may provide insight into development of resistance to CCR5-targeted entry inhibitors and alternative entry pathways for each HIV-1 subtype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.