ArticleBMC cancer2009
Production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against RAI3 and its expression in human breast cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of GPRC5A in various cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Advances in Therapeutic Antibody Discovery and Development Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- RAI3 expression is not associated with clinical outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Clinical significance of reduced GPRC5A expression in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- RAI3 is overexpressed in gastric adenocarcinoma but unrelated to prognosis.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2019Article
- GPRC5A: An Emerging Biomarker in Human Cancer.BioMed research international · 2018Review
- Novel PSCA targeting scFv-fusion proteins for diagnosis and immunotherapy of prostate cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2017Article
- Orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPRC5A modulates integrin β1-mediated epithelial cell adhesion.Cell adhesion & migration · 2017Article
- Article
- GPRC5A is a potential oncogene in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells that is upregulated by gemcitabine with help from HuR.Cell death & disease · 2016Article
- GPRC5A overexpression predicted advanced biological behaviors and poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
- Proteoliposome-based selection of a recombinant antibody fragment against the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.Monoclonal antibodies in immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy · 2014Article
- The emerging roles of GPRC5A in diseases.Oncoscience · 2014Review
- Overexpression of retinoic acid-induced protein 3 predicts poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2014Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRAI3 is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been associated with malignancy and may play a role in the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Although its exact function in normal and malignant cells remains unclear and evidence supporting its role in oncogenesis is controversial, its abundant expression on the surface of cancer cells would make it an interesting target for the development of antibody-based therapeutics. To investigate the link with cancer and provide more evidence for its role, we carried out a systematic analysis of RAI3 expression in a large set of human breast cancer specimens.
methodsWe expressed recombinant human RAI3 in bacteria and reconstituted the purified protein in liposomes to raise monoclonal antibodies using classical hybridoma techniques. The specific binding activity of the antibodies was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot and immunocytochemistry. We carried out a systematic immunohistochemical analysis of RAI3 expression in human invasive breast carcinomas (n = 147) and normal breast tissues (n = 44) using a tissue microarray. In addition, a cDNA dot blot hybridisation assay was used to investigate a set of matched normal and cancerous breast tissue specimens (n = 50) as well as lymph node metastases (n = 3) for RAI3 mRNA expression.
resultsThe anti-RAI3 monoclonal antibodies bound to recombinant human RAI3 protein with high specificity and affinity, as shown by ELISA, western blot and ICC. The cDNA dot blot and immunohistochemical experiments showed that both RAI3 mRNA and RAI3 protein were abundantly expressed in human breast carcinoma. However, there was no association between RAI3 protein expression and prognosis based on overall and recurrence-free survival.
conclusionWe have generated a novel, highly-specific monoclonal antibody that detects RAI3 in formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. This is the first study to report a systematic analysis of RAI3 expression in normal and cancerous human breast tissue at both the mRNA and protein levels.
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