ArticleJournal of medical virology2009
Correlation of rhinovirus load in the respiratory tract and clinical symptoms in hospitalized immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Populations at Risk for Severe or Complicated Rhinovirus Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiology and burden of respiratory syncytial virus in Italian adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- A Mini-Review of Adverse Lung Transplant Outcomes Associated With Respiratory Viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Tract Infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Guideline
- Infection with a respiratory virus before hematopoietic cell transplantation is associated with alloimmune-mediated lung syndromes.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2018Trial
- The presence of fever in adults with influenza and other viral respiratory infections.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Trial
- Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus severe bronchiolitis are associated with distinct nasopharyngeal microbiota.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2016Trial
- Comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic rhinovirus infections in university students: incidence, species diversity, and viral load.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2015Trial
- Short- and long-term efficacy of prednisolone for first acute rhinovirus-induced wheezing episode.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2015Trial
- Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of Rhinovirus in Western Washington State, 2021-2022.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Factors associated with outcome in a national cohort of rhinovirus hospitalized patients in Brazil in 2022.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with single or co-detected rhinovirus-associated acute respiratory infection in Middle Tennessee.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Rhinovirus/Enterovirus and Their Role on Cause Severe and Prolonged Infection in Hospitalized Patients.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- General Characteristics of Children with Single- and Co-Infections and Febrile Seizures with a Main Focus on Respiratory Pathogens: Preliminary Results.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Rhinovirus: A Narrative Review on Its Genetic Characteristics, Pediatric Clinical Presentations, and Pathogenesis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Epidemiology and persistence of rhinovirus in pediatric lung transplantation.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2020Observational
- Rhinovirus C15 Induces Airway Hyperresponsiveness via Calcium Mobilization in Airway Smooth Muscle.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2020Article
- Predictive Value of Respiratory Viral Detection in the Upper Respiratory Tract for Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Association between semi-quantitative microbial load and respiratory symptoms among Thai military recruits: a prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Clinical characteristics and cytokine profiles of children with acute lower respiratory tract infections caused by human rhinovirus.PloS one · 2018Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are well accepted as a major cause of common cold syndromes (rhinitis), their role in the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections is still controversial, and their detection in asymptomatic patients is relatively common. The HRV pathogenic role in four groups of hospitalized patients (pediatric immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, and adult immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients) was investigated by quantifying HRV load in nasopharyngeal aspirates or bronchoalveolar lavage samples by real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Real-time RT-PCR was performed in duplicate on all respiratory samples resulting positive by qualitative RT-PCR. In addition, molecular typing allowed detection of all known HRV species (A, B, and C). In immunocompetent pediatric patients HRVs were mostly associated with lower respiratory tract infections (in the absence of other viral agents) and wheezing, when viral load was > or =10(6) RNA copies/ml. In young immunocompromised patients (stem cell transplantation recipients), an inverse correlation between HRV persistence over time and time at which the infection occurred after transplantation was observed, whereas in adult immunocompromised patients (lung transplant recipients) HRVs could be detected at a medium-low level (<10(5) RNA copies/ml) in bronchoalveolar lavage samples taken routinely from asymptomatic patients. In conclusion, when detected at high viral load, HRVs may cause severe upper and lower respiratory tract infections, whereas when detected at a medium-low viral load, an event more frequent in immunocompromised subjects, they may represent only bystander viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.