ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2009
Population-based fracture risk assessment and osteoporosis treatment disparities by race and gender.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining treatment targets and equity in bone-active medication use within secondary fracture prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Pooled it
- High prevalence of low bone mineral density in patients within 10 years of onset of ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review.Clinical rheumatology · 2012Pooled it
- Nurse case-manager vs multifaceted intervention to improve quality of osteoporosis care after wrist fracture: randomized controlled pilot study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2011Trial
- Osteoporosis Treatment Gap - A Systematic Literature Review.Zdravstveno varstvo · 2026Review
- Changes in treatment eligibility with race-neutral US FRAX would be modest: estimates using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Shifting bisphosphonate prescribing patterns for fracture prevention: a 24-year national surveillance of men in the U.S. Veterans Health Administration.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Trends in mortality with osteoporosis recorded as the underlying cause of death among adults aged 65 years and older in the United States, 1999-2024.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The association between body mass index and total lumbar bone mineral density in obese adults: the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011-2020.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Inequities Across the Spectrum of Osteoporosis Care and Post-Fracture Management in Men.Current osteoporosis reports · 2025Review
- Sex differences and predictors of anti-osteoporosis medication use in the 12 months after hip fracture surgery in adults 65 or older.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Article
- Disparities in Osteoporosis Prevention and Care: Understanding Gender, Racial, and Ethnic Dynamics.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2024Review
- The digital health divide: Understanding telehealth adoption across racial lines in rural Illinois.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Bone health assessment in adults with fragility fracture risk factors between 2002-2014: a retrospective cohort study.BJGP open · 2024Article
- Challenges of fracture risk assessment in Asian and Black women.The American journal of managed care · 2024Article
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) Can Identify Patients at High Risk of Fracture but Require Substantial Race Adjustments to Currently Available Fracture Risk Calculators.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Racial/Ethnic Differences in Bone Mineral Density for Osteoporosis.Current osteoporosis reports · 2023Review
- Real-World Effectiveness of Osteoporosis Medications in France: A Nationwide Cohort Study.JBMR plus · 2023Article
- Ethnic determinants of skeletal health in female patients with fragility fracture in a culturally diverse population.Bone reports · 2023Article
- Algorithmic fairness in artificial intelligence for medicine and healthcare.Nature biomedical engineering · 2023Review
- Calcium status assessment at the population level: Candidate approaches and challenges.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2022Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUndertreatment of osteoporosis has been recognized as a common problem in selected patient subgroups. However, primary prevention has been hampered by limited risk assessment tools that can be applied to large populations.
objectivesUsing clinical risk factors with a new tool from the World Health Organization (FRAX) and recommendations from the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF), we evaluated fracture risk and osteoporosis treatment in a US cohort.
participantsAfrican Americans and Caucasians recruited from 2003-7 across the US as part of a longitudinal study.
designCross-sectional. MEASURES: The number of persons receiving prescription osteoporosis medications was assessed by race, sex, and fracture risk. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the association between receipt of osteoporosis medications and fracture risk after controlling for potential confounders.
resultsAmong 24,783 participants, estimated fracture risk was highest for Caucasian women. After multivariable adjustment for fracture-related risk factors, the likelihood of receipt of osteoporosis medications among African Americans was lower than among Caucasians [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37, 0.53] and for men compared to women (OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.06-0.10). Even for the highest risk group, Caucasian women with 10-year hip fracture risk > or = 3% (n = 3,025, 39.7%), only 26% were receiving treatment.
conclusionsA substantial gap exists between 2008 NOF treatment guidelines based on fracture risk and the receipt of prescription osteoporosis medications. This gap was particularly notable for African Americans and men. FRAX is likely to be useful to assess risk at a population level and identify high-risk persons in need of additional evaluation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.