ReviewCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2009
Treatment combinations targeting apoptosis to improve immunotherapy of melanoma.
Review in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Caspase-independent cell death in lung cancer: from mechanisms to clinical applications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Annonacin induces apoptosis and modulates programmed death-ligand 1 and interferon-gamma expression in triple-negative breast cancer: IntegratedVeterinary world · 2025Article
- Multidrug Resistance: Are We Still Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ornidazole suppresses CD133+ melanoma stem cells via inhibiting hedgehog signaling pathway and inducing multiple death pathways in a mouse model.Croatian medical journal · 2022Article
- Carbonic anhydrase 12 gene silencing reverses the sensitivity of paclitaxel in drug-resistant breast cancer cells.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Targeting Protein Kinases to Enhance the Response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- MicroRNA-144 functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer by targeting cyclooxygenase-2.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- The intrinsically kinase-inactive EPHB6 receptor predisposes cancer cells to DR5-induced apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial fragmentation.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Expression of Death Receptor 4 Is Positively Regulated by MEK/ERK/AP-1 Signaling and Suppressed upon MEK Inhibition.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Potential Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Targets of MicroRNAs in Human Gastric Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
- Paradoxical activation of MEK/ERK signaling induced by B-Raf inhibition enhances DR5 expression and DR5 activation-induced apoptosis in Ras-mutant cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- Histone Modifications, Modifiers and Readers in Melanoma Resistance to Targeted and Immune Therapy.Cancers · 2015Review
- Histone deacetylase inhibitor sensitizes apoptosis-resistant melanomas to cytotoxic human T lymphocytes through regulation of TRAIL/DR5 pathway.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Applications of nanotechnology for melanoma treatment, diagnosis, and theranostics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2013Review
- Role of Apollon in human melanoma resistance to antitumor agents that activate the intrinsic or the extrinsic apoptosis pathways.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2012Article
- Proteasome inhibition blocks NF-κB and ERK1/2 pathways, restores antigen expression, and sensitizes resistant human melanoma to TCR-engineered CTLs.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2012Article
- Distribution, characterization, and induction of CD8+ regulatory T cells and IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2011Article
- Radiation response and regulation of apoptosis induced by a combination of TRAIL and CHX in cells lacking mitochondrial DNA: a role for NF-κB-STAT3-directed gene expression.Experimental cell research · 2011Article
- Molecular mechanism of MART-1+/A*0201+ human melanoma resistance to specific CTL-killing despite functional tumor-CTL interaction.Cancer research · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy based on T cell responses to the tumor is believed to involve killing of cancer cells by induction of apoptosis. The predominant mechanisms are death ligand-induced signaling mainly by TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) mediated by CD4 T cells, monocytes and dendritic cells, and perforin/granzyme mediated apoptosis mediated by CD8 T cells and NK cells. Resistance against TRAIL involves loss of TRAIL death receptors and/or activation of the MEK and/or Akt signal pathways. Resistance to CD8 CTL responses also involves activation of the MEK and/or Akt pathways. Apoptosis induced by immune responses is regulated by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. Many reagents have been developed against the Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins and clinical trials combining them with immunotherapy are awaited. The second group of agents that regulate the Bcl-2 family of proteins are the signal pathway inhibitors. Clinical trials with inhibitors of RAS, RAF or MEK are in progress and would appear an exciting combination with immunotherapy. One of the main drivers of resistance to apoptosis are adaptive mechanisms that allow cancer cells to overcome endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These adaptive mechanisms inhibit practically all known apoptotic pathways and create an acidic environment that may reduce infiltration of lymphocytes against the tumor. The signal pathway inhibitors may be effective against these adaptive processes but additional agents that target ER stress pathways are in development. In conclusion, combination of immunotherapy with agents that target antiapoptotic mechanisms in cancer cells offers a new approach that requires evaluation in clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.