ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2009
Fish oil-fed mice have impaired resistance to influenza infection.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cancer and Therapeutic Strategies.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- The ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid Enhances NK-Cell Antitumor Effector Functions.Cancer immunology research · 2024Article
- Secreted phospholipase PLA2G2E contributes to regulation of T cell immune response against influenza virus infection.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) for Immunomodulation in COVID-19 Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation represses the early immune response against murine cytomegalovirus but enhances NK cell effector function.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- PPAR Ligands Induce Antiviral Effects Targeting Perturbed Lipid Metabolism during SARS-CoV-2, HCV, and HCMV Infection.Biology · 2022Review
- Insight on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Endometrial Receptivity.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- COVID-19 Screening by Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seropositivity: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Food Intake Quality.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Nutritional management of diabetes mellitus during the pandemic of COVID-19: a comprehensive narrative review.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2021Review
- Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment.mSystems · 2021Review
- The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Influenza A Virus Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Can N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids be considered a potential adjuvant therapy for COVID-19-associated cardiovascular complications?Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Review
- The neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19: Interactions with psychiatric illness and pharmacological treatment.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021Review
- Narrative Review ofNutrients · 2021Review
- Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals Under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment.ArXiv · 2021Article
- Review
- Nutritional approach for increasing public health during pandemic of COVID-19: A comprehensive review of antiviral nutrients and nutraceuticals.Health promotion perspectives · 2021Review
- Potential benefits and risks of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation to patients with COVID-19.Free radical biology & medicine · 2020Review
- Fish oil supplementation reduces maternal defensive inflammation and predicts a gut bacteriome with reduced immune priming capacity in infants.The ISME journal · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dietary fish oils, rich in (n-3) PUFA, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, have been shown to have antiinflammatory properties. Although the antiinflammatory properties of fish oil may be beneficial during a chronic inflammatory illness, the same antiinflammatory properties can suppress the inflammatory responses necessary to combat acute viral infection. Given that (n-3) fatty acid-rich fish oil supplementation is on the rise and with the increasing threat of an influenza pandemic, we tested the effect of fish oil feeding for 2 wk on the immune response to influenza virus infection. Male C57BL/6 mice fed either a menhaden fish oil/corn oil diet (4 g fish oil:1 g corn oil, wt:wt at 5 g/100 g diet) or a control corn oil diet were infected with influenza A/PuertoRico/8/34 and analyzed for lung pathology and immune function. Although fish oil-fed mice had lower lung inflammation compared with controls, fish oil feeding also resulted in a 40% higher mortality rate, a 70% higher lung viral load at d 7 post infection, and a prolonged recovery period following infection. Although splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity was suppressed in fish oil-fed mice, lung NK activity was not affected. Additionally, lungs of infected fish oil-fed mice had significantly fewer CD8+ T cells and decreased mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. These results suggest that the antiinflammatory properties of fish oil feeding can alter the immune response to influenza infection, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.