ArticleActa diabetologica2010
Animal insulin therapy induces a biased insulin antibody response that persists for years after introduction of human insulin.
Article in Acta diabetologica, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Basal Insulin Reduces Glucose Variability and Hypoglycaemia Compared to Premixed Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Study Based on Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Chinese Expert Consensus Statement.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2025Article
- Article
- The Application of the Insulin to C-Peptide Molar Ratio (ICPR) in Primary Screening for Insulin Antibodies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Further Quantitative Study on the Relationship Between ICPR and Insulin Antibodies.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Analysis of the clinical characteristics of insulin autoimmune syndrome induced by exogenous insulin in diabetic patients.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2021Article
- Association of Higher Circulating Insulin Antibody with Increased Mean Amplitude Glycemic Excursion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Case-Control Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Article
- GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2018Article
- Islet Autoantibody Patterns in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Aged 60 and Higher: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Chinese Hospital.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome (EIAS): a clinical syndrome associated with insulin antibodies induced by exogenous insulin in diabetic patients.Endocrine connections · 2018Review
- Immunological hypoglycemia associated with insulin antibodies induced by exogenous insulin in 11 Chinese patients with diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2015Article
- A plasmonic chip for biomarker discovery and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.Nature medicine · 2014Article
- ZnT8 autoantibody titers in type 1 diabetes patients decline rapidly after clinical onset.Autoimmunity · 2010Article
- Frequent reoccurrence of hypoglycemia in a type 2 diabetic patient with insulin antibodies.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2010Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Administration of exogenous insulin for the treatment of diabetes is often accompanied by the development of insulin antibodies (IA). These antibodies may affect the patient's requirement for insulin by acting as an insulin binding reservoir. The improvement of insulin purification in the 1970s and the development of human recombinant insulin both reduced the incidence of IA and their binding levels. This study investigates the parameters affecting IA frequency and binding levels in a cohort of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. All patients were treated with human recombinant insulin. About half of the patients had received animal insulin prior to the introduction of human recombinant insulin. We tested the IA frequency and binding level for all serum samples. IA were further analyzed for their epitope specificity comparing human and porcine insulin binding. We found that T1D patients who received animal insulin in the past show significantly higher IA binding levels as compared to patients treated exclusively with human recombinant insulin (IA binding level of 0.9 and 0.25 index, respectively, P = 0.005). T1D patients who received animal insulin in the past showed a relative bias towards porcine insulin, as compared to T1D patients who were treated with human recombinant insulin exclusively (P < 0.0001). We conclude that IA binding level and epitope specificity are biased by treatment with animal insulin. This bias remains for over 20 years after animal insulin treatment is terminated.
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