Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19545590›Full record

ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2009

Novel therapeutics for type 2 diabetes: incretin hormone mimetics (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors.

E J Verspohl

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05136287 (SEMAGLUTIDE VERSUS GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS. EFFECTIVENESS , SAFETY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS 2. OBSERVATIONAL, PROSPECTIVE AND MULTICENTER STUDY. SEVERAL STUDY.), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05136287 completedstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Semaglutide versus glp-1 receptor agonists. effectiveness , safety and quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus 2. observational, prospective and multicenter study. several study.

Ran2022Enrolled140Registered outcomes7Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Quality of Life, Safety Issues, Weight LossArmsGLP-1 receptor agonist
PMID 27295427PMID 33567185PMID 23882037PMID 29397376PMID 36520578PMID 31189511PMID 8366922PMID 9742976PMID 26378978PMID 28249135PMID 20609967other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Ameliorating Effect on Glycolipid Metabolism ofOxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Uncertainties around incretin-based therapies: A literature review.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2017
    Review
  18. Emerging use of combination therapies for the management of type 2 diabetes - focus on saxagliptin and dapagliflozin.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2017 · on this map
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

E J VerspohlDepartment of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Germany. verspoh@uni-muenster.de
University of Münster · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Known treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus have limitations such as weight gain, and hypoglycaemias. A new perspective is the use of incretin hormones and incretin enhancers. Incretins are defined as being responsible for the higher insulin release after an oral glucose load compared to an intravenous glucose load. The delicate balance of glucose homeostasis, in which incretin hormones are involved, is disturbed in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The incretin GLP-1 helps to maintain glucose homeostasis through stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon release in a glucose-dependent manner. This is associated with reductions in body weight, and no risk of hypoglycaemias. When classical oral agents have failed to maintain adequate glycaemic control, incretin mimetics may be of particular value for obese patients and those who have little control over meal sizes. Exenatide was marketed as a GLP-1 analogue and longer acting incretin mimetics such as liraglutide, albiglutide and others have the same pharmacological profile. In addition to incretin mimetics incretin enhancers which inhibit/delay degradation of incretins were developed: so-called DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin and vildagliptin are approved in Europe. Their differences from incretin mimetics include: oral bioavailability, less side effects with overdose, no direct CNS effects (nausea and vomiting) and no effect on weight. In rodent models of diabetes, but not yet in humans, GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors increase islet mass and preserve beta-cell function. Incretin mimetics and enhancers expand type 2 diabetes treatment, are still not first line therapy and it is discussed if they are to be prophylactically used.

Indexed as

Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsAnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExenatideGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin SecretionIslets of LangerhansLiraglutidePeptidesDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsExenatideGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGLP1R protein, humanGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinLiraglutidePeptidesReceptors, GlucagonVenoms

Identifiers

PMID19545590
OpenAlexW2170235613

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.