ArticleRegulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP2009
Development of PBPK model of molinate and molinate sulfoxide in rats and humans.
Article in Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The kinetic behavior of matrine in pig intestinal lumen after oral administration and its physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Development of Physiologically Based Organ Models to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs in the Testes and the Thyroid Gland.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2017Article
- Prediction of the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of levofloxacin in humans based on an extrapolated PBPK model.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2016Article
- Prediction of Pharmacokinetics and Penetration of Moxifloxacin in Human with Intra-Abdominal Infection Based on Extrapolated PBPK Model.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2015Article
- Modeling bioavailability to organs protected by biological barriers.In silico pharmacology · 2013Review
- Reconstructing organophosphorus pesticide doses using the reversed dosimetry approach in a simple physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model.Journal of toxicology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Molinate has been widely used as a pre-emergent herbicide in the rice fields of California's Central Valley. In rat studies, the metabolite molinate sulfoxide is suspected of causing testicular toxicity after exposure to molinate. The sulfoxide is generated in the liver and can circulate in the blood, eventually reaching the testis. Man qualitatively produces the same molinate metabolites as the rat. To extrapolate the reproductive risk to man, the present study outlines the development of a preliminary PBPK (physiologically-based pharmacokinetic) model, validation in the rat and extrapolation to man. The preliminary seven-compartment PBPK model for molinate was constructed for the adult, male Sprague-Dawley rat that employed both flow-limited (blood, kidney, liver, rapid-perfused tissues and slowly perfused tissues) and diffusion-limited (fat) rate equations. The systemic circulation connects the various compartments. The simulations predict the molinate blood concentrations of the rat blood and testes compartment favorably with the profiles obtained from 10 and 100mg/kg po or 1.5 and 15mg/kg iv doses. Human physiological parameters were substituted into the oral dosed model and the simulations closely predicted the molinate blood concentration obtained from 5.06mg oral dose. A sensitivity analysis determined for an oral dose that peak blood molinate concentrations were most responsive to the blood flows to kidney and fat compartments while testicular molinate sulfoxide concentrations depended on molinate sulfoxide partition coefficients for the testes compartment and the K(m) for glutathione conjugation of molinate sulfoxide in the liver compartment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.