ArticleMycopathologia2009
Enhancement of Candida albicans virulence after exposition to cigarette mainstream smoke.
Article in Mycopathologia, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in Implant Surface Characteristics and Wettability Induced by Smoking In Vitro: A Preliminary Investigation.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Smoke Condensates onInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Smoking increases oral mucosa susceptibility to Candida albicans infection via the Nrf2 pathway: In vitro and animal studies.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- A Comparison of the Prevalence Rate of Oral Candida Colonization between Opium Users and Cigarette Smokers in Kerman, Iran.Addiction & health · 2021Article
- The Discrepancy between Clove and Non-Clove Cigarette Smoke-PromotedF1000Research · 2021Article
- Impact of Cigarette Smoke Condensate on Adhesion-Related Traits and Hemolysin Production of Oral Candida dubliniensis Isolates.Mycopathologia · 2020Article
- Characteristics of pulmonary mucormycosis and the experiences of surgical resection.Journal of thoracic disease · 2020Article
- E-Cigarettes Increase Candida albicans Growth and Modulate its Interaction with Gingival Epithelial Cells.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Prevalence of oral Candida carriage and Candida species among cigarette and maras powder users.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Cigarette smoke condensate increases C. albicans adhesion, growth, biofilm formation, and EAP1, HWP1 and SAP2 gene expression.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Oral Candida carriage and species prevalence amongst habitual gutka-chewers and non-chewers.International wound journal · 2014Article
- Article
- Cigarette smoke-exposed Candida albicans increased chitin production and modulated human fibroblast cell responses.BioMed research international · 2014Article
- Smoking as a risk factor for oral candidiasis in HIV-infected adults.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2013Article
- Do Candida spp. "read" Nietzsche? Can xenobiotics modulate their aggressiveness? Proposition that chemicals may interfere in their virulence attributes.Mycopathologia · 2012Article
- A case of Candida krusei peritonitis secondary to duodenal perforation due to Candida duodenitis.Mycopathologia · 2011Article
- Risk Factors of Mortality in Older Patients With Candidemia.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The habit of cigarette smoking is associated with higher oral candidal carriage and possible predisposition to oral candidosis. The effects of exposure to smoke on the virulence properties of oral yeasts remain obscure. Hence, we showed in vitro the effect of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on ten clinical isolates of Candida albicans obtained from nonsmoking volunteers, as well the type-strain CBS562. CSC was generated by complete burn of five commercial cigarettes in an in-house smoking machine and used to prepare the culture broth in which the strains were grown. In 24-h intervals (T(24), T(48), and T(72)), the cells were harvested, washed, subcultured, and the resultant growth were evaluated for possible variations for secreted aspartyl protease, phospholipase, chondroitinase, and hemolysins, adhesion to acrylic and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH). The results indicated a temporal increase in the secretion rates of enzymes, particularly when yeast cells were exposed to CSC for 48-72 h (P < 0.05). Similarly, adhesion to acrylic and CSH increased with exposure period (P < 0.05). Based on foregoing, we concluded that CSC may promote significant enhance in the secretion of candidal histolytic enzymes and adherence to denture surfaces, thereby promoting oral yeast carriage and possible infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.