ArticlePsychopharmacology2009
Cognitive, psychomotor, and subjective effects of sodium oxybate and triazolam in healthy volunteers.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive Impairment Following Clinical or Recreational Use of Gammahydroxybutyric Acid (GHB): A Systematic Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) on driving as measured by a driving simulator.Psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Pharmacodynamic interactions of a solid formulation of sodium oxybate and ethanol in healthy volunteers.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Trial
- Sodium oxybate in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a randomized double-blind comparative study versus oxazepam. The GATE 1 trial.CNS drugs · 2014Trial
- Cognitive effects of intramuscular ketamine and oral triazolam in healthy volunteers.Psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- Behavioral effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in humans.Behavioural pharmacology · 2010Trial
- Effect of GHB-use and GHB-induced comas on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functioning in humans.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2018Article
- A pharmacokinetic evaluation and metabolite identification of the GHB receptor antagonist NCS-382 in mouse informs novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of GHB intoxication.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2016Article
- Improvement in γ-hydroxybutyrate-induced contextual fear memory deficit by systemic administration of NCS-382.Neuroreport · 2016Article
- Comprehensive Application of Time-of-flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) for Ionic Imaging and Bio-energetic Analysis of Club Drug-induced Cognitive Deficiency.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Inhaled vs. oral alprazolam: subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects, and modestly increased abuse potential.Psychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Sodium oxybate: a review of its use in alcohol withdrawal syndrome and in the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol dependence.Clinical drug investigation · 2014Review
- Comparative abuse liability of GHB and ethanol in humans.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2013Article
- Acute cognitive effects of high doses of dextromethorphan relative to triazolam in humans.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Article
- High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens.Psychopharmacology · 2012Article
- Preference for gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in current users.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2012Article
- Acute effects of zolpidem extended-release on cognitive performance and sleep in healthy males after repeated nightly use.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2012Article
- Intravenous self-administration of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in baboons.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2011Article
- Response to, "Cognitive, psychomotor and subjective effects of sodium oxybate and triazolam in healthy volunteers," 2009; 206(1):141-154.Psychopharmacology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleIllicit gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has received attention as a "date rape drug" that produces robust amnesia; however, there is little experimental evidence in support of GHB's amnestic effects.
objectivesThis study compared the cognitive effects of GHB (sodium oxybate) with those of triazolam in healthy volunteers. MATERIALS AND
methodsDoses of sodium oxybate (1.125, 2.25, and 4.5 g/70 kg), triazolam (0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/70 kg), and placebo were administered to 15 volunteers under repeated measures, counterbalanced, double-blind, double-dummy conditions. The time course and peak physiological, psychomotor, subjective, and cognitive effects were examined.
resultsSodium oxybate and triazolam produced similar increases in participant ratings of drug effects. Performance on psychomotor, working memory, and episodic memory tasks was impaired to a greater extent after triazolam than sodium oxybate.
conclusionsTogether, these data suggest that sodium oxybate produces less psychomotor and cognitive impairment than triazolam at doses that produce equivalent participant-rated subjective effects in healthy volunteers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.