Trial reportAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2009
Shortening treatment in adults with noncavitary tuberculosis and 2-month culture conversion.
Trial report in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective Study of Shortening the Duration of Standard Short Course Chemotherapy From 6 Months to 4 Months in HIV-non-infected Patients With Fully Drug-Susceptible, Non-cavitary Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Negative Sputum Cultures After 2 Months of Anti-TB Treatment
A Prospective, Randomized Open-Label Phase II Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Metformin in Combination With Standard Antimicrobial Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in People Co-infected With HIV
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of endpoint definitions in late phase pulmonary tuberculosis therapeutic trials.Trials · 2021Pooled it
- Shortened treatment regimens versus the standard regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Intermittent Versus Daily Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Regimens: A Meta-Analysis.Clinical medicine & research · 2015Pooled it
- Month 2 culture status and treatment duration as predictors of recurrence in pulmonary tuberculosis: model validation and update.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Sputum monitoring during tuberculosis treatment for predicting outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2010Pooled it
- Clinical testing of drug treatment shortening in patients with TB using PET/CT imaging of lung lesions.Science translational medicine · 2026Trial
- Treatment Strategy for Rifampin-Susceptible Tuberculosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Radiological and functional evidence of the bronchial spread of tuberculosis: an observational analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2021Trial
- A patient-level pooled analysis of treatment-shortening regimens for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.Nature medicine · 2018Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rifampin in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2018Trial
- Bacterial Factors That Predict Relapse after Tuberculosis Therapy.The New England journal of medicine · 2018Trial
- Tackling the unknowns of short-course rifapentine-based treatment for active tuberculosis: a decision analysis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2016Trial
- PET/CT imaging correlates with treatment outcome in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.Science translational medicine · 2014Trial
- Smoking and 2-month culture conversion during anti-tuberculosis treatment.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Distinct mechanisms drive post-antibiotic Tuberculosis relapse post-cure versus post-treatment-failure.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clinical Implications of Time to Culture Conversion inOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Strategies for shortening tuberculosis therapy.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- GEODE: anFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- A scoping review of interventions to prevent and treat adverse events during treatment of rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis.PloS one · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleCavitary disease and delayed culture conversion have been associated with relapse. Combining patient characteristics and measures of bacteriologic response might allow treatment shortening with current drugs in some patients.
objectivesTo assess whether treatment could be shortened from 6 to 4 months in patients with noncavitary tuberculosis whose sputum cultures converted to negative after 2 months.
methodsThis study was a randomized, open-label equivalence trial. HIV-uninfected adults with noncavitary tuberculosis were treated daily with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for 2 months, followed by 2 months of isoniazid and rifampin. After 4 months, patients with drug-susceptible TB whose sputum cultures on solid media were negative after 8 weeks of treatment were randomly assigned to continue treatment for 2 more months or to stop treatment. Patients were followed for relapse for 30 months after beginning treatment. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsEnrollment was stopped by the safety monitoring committee after 394 patients were enrolled due to apparent increased risk for relapse in the 4-month arm. A total of 370 patients were eligible for per protocol analysis. Thirteen patients in the 4-month arm relapsed, compared with three subjects in the 6-month arm (7.0 vs. 1.6%; risk difference, 0.054; 95% confidence interval with Hauck-Anderson correction, 0.01-0.10).
conclusionShortening treatment from 6 to 4 months in adults with noncavitary disease and culture conversion after 2 months using current drugs resulted in a greater relapse rate. The combination of noncavitary disease and 2-month culture conversion was insufficient to identify patients with decreased risk for relapse.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.