ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2009
Bacillus thuringiensis bel protein enhances the toxicity of Cry1Ac protein to Helicoverpa armigera larvae by degrading insect intestinal mucin.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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35 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- A chromosome-level genome assembly of the soybean pod borer: insights into larval transcriptional response to transgenic soybean expressing the pesticidal Cry1Ac protein.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- A metalloprotease secreted by an environmentally acquired gut bacterium hindersFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Contrasting Patterns ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Association of Midgut Bacteria and Their Metabolic Pathways with Zika Infection and Insecticide Resistance in ColombianViruses · 2022Article
- C. elegans monitor energy status via the AMPK pathway to trigger innate immune responses against bacterial pathogens.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Tandem Mass Tag-Based Quantitative Proteomics and Virulence Phenotype of Hemolymph-Treated Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki Cells Reveal New Insights on Bacterial Pathogenesis in Insects.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Overabundance ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Comparative genome analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis strain HD521 and HS18-1.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Dissecting the Environmental Consequences ofToxins · 2021Review
- Use of RNAi as a preliminary tool for screening putative receptors of nematicidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis.Archives of microbiology · 2021Article
- Peritrophic matrix-degrading proteins are dispensable virulence factors in a virulent Melissococcus plutonius strain.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- AToxins · 2020Article
- Repertoire of theToxins · 2019Review
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- TheMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Porcine Gastric Mucin Triggers Toxin Production of EnteropathogenicInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Functional expression of a peritrophin A-like SfPER protein is required for larval development in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Enhancement of insect susceptibility and larvicidal efficacy of Cry4Ba toxin by calcofluor.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Article
- Novel Organelles with Elements of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Secretion Systems Weaponize Parasites of Drosophila.Current biology : CB · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis has been used as a bioinsecticide to control agricultural insects. Bacillus cereus group genomes were found to have a Bacillus enhancin-like (bel) gene, encoding a peptide with 20 to 30% identity to viral enhancin protein, which can enhance viral infection by degradation of the peritrophic matrix (PM) of the insect midgut. In this study, the bel gene was found to have an activity similar to that of the viral enhancin gene. A bel knockout mutant was constructed by using a plasmid-free B. thuringiensis derivative, BMB171. The 50% lethal concentrations of this mutant plus the cry1Ac insecticidal protein gene were about 5.8-fold higher than those of the BMB171 strain. When purified Bel was mixed with the Cry1Ac protein and fed to Helicoverpa armigera larvae, 3 mug/ml Cry1Ac alone induced 34.2% mortality. Meanwhile, the mortality rate rose to 74.4% when the same amount of Cry1Ac was mixed with 0.8 mug/ml of Bel. Microscopic observation showed a significant disruption detected on the midgut PM of H. armigera larvae after they were fed Bel. In vitro degradation assays showed that Bel digested the intestinal mucin (IIM) of Trichoplusia ni and H. armigera larvae to various degrading products, similar to findings for viral enhancin. These results imply Bel toxicity enhancement depends on the destruction of midgut PM and IIM, similar to the case with viral enhancin. This discovery showed that Bel has the potential to enhance insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis-based biopesticides and transgenic crops.
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