ArticleAmerican journal of public health2009
Secondhand smoke in Pennsylvania casinos: a study of nonsmokers' exposure, dose, and risk.
Article in American journal of public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- What happens in Vegas, stays in your lungs: an assessment of fine particulate matter in casinos that prohibit and allow smoking in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Magnitude and Chronicity of Environmental Smoke Exposure Across Infancy and Early Childhood in a Sample of Low-Income Children.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Article
- Occupational exposures and associated risk factors among U.S. casino workers: a narrative review.AIMS public health · 2018Review
- Advancing smoke-free policy adoption on the Navajo Nation.Tobacco control · 2016Article
- Measuring Indoor Air Quality and Engaging California Indian Stakeholders at the Win-River Resort and Casino: Collaborative Smoke-Free Policy Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Observational
- Gambling with our health: smoke-free policy would not reduce tribal casino patronage.American journal of preventive medicine · 2014Article
- Environmental monitoring of secondhand smoke exposure.Tobacco control · 2013Review
- Protecting the world from secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: where do we stand and where do we go from here?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Review
- Small proportions of actively-smoking patrons and high PM2.5 levels in southern California tribal casinos: support for smoking bans or designated smoking areas.BMC public health · 2012Article
- Measurement of fine particles and smoking activity in a statewide survey of 36 California Indian casinos.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiologyArticle
- Increased incidence of cardiovascular conditions among older adults with pathological gambling features in a prospective study.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesI assessed air pollution, ventilation, and nonsmokers' risk from secondhand smoke (SHS) in Pennsylvania casinos exempted from a statewide smoke-free workplace law.
methodsI measured respirable suspended particles (RSPs), particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs), and carbon dioxide inside and outside casinos; measured changes in patrons' urine cotinine after casino visits; and assessed SHS impact on workers and patrons, using exposure-response models, air quality standards, and odor and irritation thresholds.
resultsPPAH and RSP concentrations in casinos were, on average, 4 and 6 times, respectively, that of outdoor levels despite generous ventilation and low smoking prevalence. SHS infiltrated into nonsmoking gaming areas. Patrons' urine cotinine increased 1.9 ng/mL on average after about 4-hour visits.
conclusionsSHS-induced heart disease and lung cancer will cause an estimated 6 Pennsylvania casino workers' deaths annually per 10,000 at risk, 5-fold the death rate from Pennsylvania mining disasters. Casinos should not be exempt from smoke-free workplace laws.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.