ReviewRespiratory physiology & neurobiology2009
The crossed phrenic phenomenon and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.
Review in Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pairing ampakine with brief hypoxia evokes phrenic neuroplasticity via a spinal NMDA receptor-mediated mechanism.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Respiratory consequences of cervical spinal cord injury: insights from preclinical models.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026Review
- SPG302 protects retinal ganglion cells and preserves visual function by preserving synaptic activity in a mouse model of glaucoma.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- Diverse Transcriptional Alterations in V2a Propriospinal Neurons Following Spinal Cord Injury.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Mechanism-Based Neuromodulation in Augmenting Respiratory Motor Function in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- A Simple, Low-Cost Implant for Reliable Diaphragm EMG Recordings in Awake, Behaving Rats.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Sex differences in spontaneous respiratory recovery following chronic C2 hemisection.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Review
- V2a neurons restore diaphragm function in mice following spinal cord injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Article
- Recovery of Forearm and Fine Digit Function After Chronic Spinal Cord Injury by Simultaneous Blockade of Inhibitory Matrix Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Production and the Receptor PTPσ.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Article
- Routine hypercapnic challenge after cervical spinal hemisection affects the size of phrenic motoneurons.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Deglutition and the Regulation of the Swallow Motor Pattern.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023 · on this mapReview
- Respiratory plasticity following spinal cord injury: perspectives from mouse to man.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Laryngeal and swallow dysregulation following acute cervical spinal cord injury.Journal of neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Diaphragmatic Activity and Respiratory Function Following C3 or C6 Unilateral Spinal Cord Contusion in Mice.Biology · 2022Article
- Effects of Chronic High-Frequency rTMS Protocol on Respiratory Neuroplasticity Following C2 Spinal Cord Hemisection in Rats.Biology · 2022Article
- Phrenic motor neuron survival below cervical spinal cord hemisection.Experimental neurology · 2021Article
- Electrical epidural stimulation of the cervical spinal cord: implications for spinal respiratory neuroplasticity after spinal cord injury.Journal of neurophysiology · 2021Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
This review will focus on neural plasticity and recovery of respiratory function after spinal cord injury and feature the "crossed phrenic phenomenon" (CPP) as a model for demonstrating such plasticity and recovery. A very brief summary of the earlier literature on the CPP will be followed by a more detailed review of the more recent studies. Two aspects of plasticity associated with the CPP that have been introduced in the literature recently have been spontaneous recovery of ipsilateral hemidiaphragmatic function following chronic spinal cord injury and drug-induced persistent recovery of the ipsilateral hemidiaphragm lasting long after animals have been weaned from drug treatment. The underlying mechanisms for this plasticity and resultant recovery will be discussed in this review. Moreover, two new models involving the CPP have been introduced: a mouse model which now provides for an opportunity to study CPP plasticity at a molecular level using a genetic approach and light-stimulated induction of the CPP accomplished by transfecting mammalian cells with channelrhodopsin. Both models provide an opportunity to sort out the intracellular signaling cascades that may be involved in motor recovery in the respiratory system after spinal cord injury. Finally, the review will examine developmental plasticity of the CPP and discuss how the expression of the CPP changes in neonatal rats as they mature to adults. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind the spontaneous expression of the crossed phrenic pathway either in the developing animal or after chronic spinal cord injury in the adult animal may provide clues to initiating respiratory recovery sooner to alleviate human suffering and eventually eliminate the leading cause of death in human cases of spinal cord injury.
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Registered trials
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