ReviewImmunology letters2009
IgM in microbial infections: taken for granted?
Review in Immunology letters, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 263 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the effects of clay mineral supplementation on alkaline phosphatase, broiler health, and performance.Poultry science · 2023Pooled it
- The Spike of SARS-CoV-2: Uniqueness and Applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Seroconversion and Abundance of IgG Antibodies against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Activity in the Chilean Population.Journal of immunology research · 2021Trial
- Serological differentiation between COVID-19 and SARS infections.Emerging microbes & infections · 2020Trial
- IRAK-4 and MyD88 deficiencies impair IgM responses against T-independent bacterial antigens.Blood · 2014Trial
- Dietary alligator pepper powder mitigates thermal stress-induced performance suppression, immune dysfunction, and cellular stress in broiler chickens reared under hot-humid tropical conditions.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Differential Contributions of IgM and IgG Autoantibodies to Serologic IA2 Reactivity in Type 1 Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of tick-borne diseases diagnosed in patients in north-eastern Italy, 2015-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- A Novel In-Cell ELISA With Superior Sensitivity and Specificity for the Detection of African Swine Fever Virus-Specific IgM and IgG Antibodies.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Glycan Structures of Human Immunoglobulins and Their Roles.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Dietary xylooligosaccharides modulate oxidative stress and pathogen resistance in growing rabbits.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Isotype conversion of Staphylococcal-specific IgG into IgM broadens the reactivity to other bacterial pathogens.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Agglutination of yeast-binding antibodies from human blood plasma products.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Mimicking immune complexes for efficient antibody responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Glycan-specific IgM is critical for human immunity to Staphylococcus aureus.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis outer membrane vesicles on Pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens immune response.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- A new combination of a prebiotic and postbiotic mitigates immunosenescence in vaccinated healthy senior dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Much has been learned about the structure, function, and production of IgM, since the antibody's initial characterization. It is widely accepted that IgM provides a first line of defense during microbial infections, prior to the generation of adaptive, high-affinity IgG responses that are important for long-lived immunity and immunological memory. Although IgM responses are commonly used as a measure of exposure to infectious diseases, it is perhaps surprising that the role of and requirement for IgM in many microbial infections has not been well explored in vivo. This is in part due to the lack of capabilities, until relatively recently, to evaluate the requirement for IgM in the absence of coincident IgG responses. Such evaluations are now possible, using gene-targeted mouse strains that produce only IgM, or isotype-switched IgG. A number of studies have revealed that IgM, produced either innately, or in response to antigen challenge, plays an important and perhaps under appreciated role in many microbial infections. Moreover, the characterization of the roles of various B cell subsets, in the production of IgM, and in host defense, has revealed important and divergent roles for B-1a and B-1b cells. This review will highlight studies in which IgM, in its own right, has been found to play an important role, not only in early immunity, but also in long-term protection, against a variety of microbial pathogens. Observations that long-lived IgM responses can be generated in vivo suggest that it may be feasible to target IgM production as part of vaccination strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.