ReviewExpert opinion on pharmacotherapy2009
Opioid dependence treatment: options in pharmacotherapy.
Review in Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acupuncture-related therapies for drug addiction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Examining inequities in access to opioid agonist treatment (OAT) take-home doses (THD): A Canadian OAT guideline synthesis and systematic review.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Retention in medication-assisted treatment for opiate dependence: A systematic review.Journal of addictive diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Cortisol and β-Endorphin Responses During a Two-Month Exercise Training Program in Patients with an Opioid Use Disorder and on a Substitution Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Effect of oral naloxone on opioid-induced constipation in methadone maintenance treatment patients, a double-blind, placebo-control, clinical trial.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Trial
- Barriers to progressing through a methadone maintenance treatment programme: perspectives of the clients in the Mid-West of Ireland's drug and alcohol services.BMC health services research · 2018Trial
- Interim buprenorphine treatment during delays to comprehensive treatment: Changes in psychiatric symptoms.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Financial incentives to promote extended smoking abstinence in opioid-maintained patients: a randomized trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2016Trial
- Opioid withdrawal, craving, and use during and after outpatient buprenorphine stabilization and taper: a discrete survival and growth mixture model.Addictive behaviors · 2015Trial
- A randomized, double-blind evaluation of buprenorphine taper duration in primary prescription opioid abusers.JAMA psychiatry · 2013Trial
- Naltrexone with or without guanfacine for preventing relapse to opiate addiction in St.-Petersburg, Russia.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Trial
- Effects of prototypic calcium channel blockers in methadone-maintained humans responding under a naloxone discrimination procedure.European journal of pharmacology · 2013Trial
- Randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of gabapentin during an outpatient, buprenorphine-assisted detoxification procedure.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- The dose effects of short-term dronabinol (oral THC) maintenance in daily cannabis users.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Trial
- A stage I pilot study of acceptance and commitment therapy for methadone detoxification.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2012Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of a new immediate-release methadone tablet formulation with decreased in vitro solubility.Clinical drug investigation · 2012Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of buprenorphine and naltrexone treatments for heroin dependence in Malaysia.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Treating Opioid Dependence With Injectable Extended-Release Naltrexone (XR-NTX): Who Will Respond?Journal of addiction medicineTrial
- The effects of high fat diet consumption on morphine-induced constipation.Behavioural pharmacology · 2025Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of effective treatments for opioid dependence is of great importance given the devastating consequences of the disease. Pharmacotherapies for opioid addiction include opioid agonists, partial agonists, opioid antagonists, and alpha-2-adrenergic agonists, which are targeted toward either detoxification or long-term agonist maintenance. Agonist maintenance therapy is currently the recommended treatment for opioid dependence due to its superior outcomes relative to detoxification. Detoxification protocols have limited long-term efficacy, and patient discomfort remains a significant therapy challenge. Buprenorphine's effectiveness relative to methadone remains a controversy and may be most appropriate for patients in need of low doses of agonist treatment. Buprenorphine appears superior to alpha-2 agonists, however, and office-based treatment with buprenorphine in the USA is gaining support. Studies of sustained-release formulations of naltrexone suggest improved effectiveness for retention and sustained abstinence; however, randomized clinical trials are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.